We consider free-space optical (FSO) communication links for the backhaul connectivity of small cells (SCs) where a UAV with an FSO apparatus can serve as relay node. demonstrate how such drone stations (DRSs) be deployed in high-rise urban area order to provide line-of-sight (LOS) that are unobstructed by buildings. Also, our solution we case solar panels mounted on DRSs placing DRS sunny loca...

Free space optical communication system (FSO) is a potential solution for increasing bandwidth demands. The FSO has a capability to provide high speed data communication, economic and quick deployable. With recent advances and interest in Free Space Optics (FSO) for commercial deployments, a proper understanding of optical signal propagation in different atmospheric conditions has become essent...

In this letter, we investigate the ergodic capacity of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based free space optics (FSO) links over random foggy channel. More specifically, derive composite probability density function (PDF) and close approximation for moments PDF using statistical model a UAV-based 3D pointing error With it, obtain upper bound asymptotic two possible detection techniques intensity m...

Outdoor wireless communication is subject to several outdoor environment conditions. Among them, atmospheric turbulence which happens on a daily basis, introduces signal fading and degrades the system performance. Many channel models have been proposed in literature model free space optic (FSO) systems. In this work, we aim evaluate performance of some key for FSO systems under weak condition. ...

Free-Space Optical (FSO) communications link performance is highly affected when propagating through the time-spatially variable turbulent environment. In order to improve signal reception, several mitigation techniques have been proposed and analytically investigated. This paper presents experimental results for the route diversity technique evaluations for a specific case when several diversi...

Merging the adaptive networks with the free space optical (FSO) communication technology is a very interesting field of research because by adding the benefits of this technology, the adaptive networks become more efficient, cheap and secure. This is due to the fact that FSO communication uses unregistered visible light bandwidth instead of the overused radio spectrum. However, in spite of all ...

Free space optics (FSO) is a technology that uses modulated optical beams to transmit information line-of-sight through the atmosphere. To date, the primary focus of FSO research and development has been toward the transmission of digital signals, primarily for “last mile” applications. This paper reports the use of FSO to transport modulated radio frequency (RF) analog signals, together with a...

Terrestrial Free-space optical communication (FSO) links have yet to achieve a mass market success due to the ever elusive 99.999% availability requirement. The terrestrial FSO links are heavily affected by atmospheric fog. To design systems which can achieve high availability and reliability in the presence of fog, accurate and better models of fog attenuation need to be developed. The current...

This paper analytically investigates bit error rate (BER) performance of Free Space Optical (FSO) system. The FSO which is rapidly gaining popularity for its cost effectiveness and efficient means of transferring high data rates as well as optical fiber, whose data rate is limited by the atmospheric turbulence and scintillation conditions are studied. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ...