OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between alpha angle and herniation pit on MRI in asymptomatic hip joints and their associations with demographic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hip MRI of 185 asymptomatic hip joints of 105 adults (age 18 to 80 years) from September 2011 through December 2012 were retrospectively studied. Alpha angles were measured on oblique axial MR images by 2 observ...

Purpose To detect changes in brain lateralization in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Materials and methods Data from 61 well-matched right-handed subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, including 19 healthy controls (HCs), 25 patients with MCI, and ...

There are substantial individual differences in the size and shape of the corpus callosum and such differences are thought to relate to behavioral lateralization. We report findings from a large scale investigation of relationships between brain anatomy and behavioral asymmetry on a battery of visual word recognition tasks. A sample of 200 individuals was divided into groups on the basis of sex...

Animal choices depend on direct sensory information, but also on the dynamic changes in the magnitude of reward. In visual discrimination tasks, the emergence of lateral biases in the choice record from animals is often described as a behavioral artifact, because these are highly correlated with error rates affecting psychophysical measurements. Here, we hypothesized that biased choices could c...

Previous research has shown that hand and foot preferences do not develop in parallel in children and it has been discovered that in children foot preference stabilizes later. Therefore, the aim of this study is to verify whether the differences in stabilization will also be manifested through less consistent results of selected skilled foot performance tests in a comparison with selected skill...

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND BRAIN LATERALITY IN LANGUAGEPROCESSINGbySARAH A. VAN DYKEAugust 2011Advisor: R. Douglas WhitmanMajor: Psychology (clinical)Degree: Doctor of PhilosophyConclusions in the literature regarding the relationship between a lateralized biasin the processing of information and individual differences (e.g., biological sex, genderide...

Normal and dyslexic right-handed children were assessed with three dichotic listening tests, the Dichotic Digits test, the Competing Words subtest of the SCAN, and the Dichotic Consonant-Vowel test. Performance was measured as both number and percentage of correct responses in the right and left ears. Laterality was defined as a simple difference in percentage between the two ears. Differences ...

Since Salk [Salk, L. (1960). The effects of the normal heartbeat sound on the behavior of the new-born infant: implications for mental health. World Mental Health 12, 168-175] reported a left-side preference for cradling an infant, several studies have attempted to elucidate the origin of this bias. Sex and handedness were the first variables tested but none of them is sufficient for explaining...

For decades the relationships of twinning and alterations in body patterning, such as laterality and asymmetry, have been investigated. However, the tools to define and quantify these relationships have been limited and the majority of these studies have relied on associations with subjectively defined phenotypes. The emerging technologies of 3-dimensional (3D) facial scanning and geometric mor...

Behavioural asymmetries, once thought to be exclusively human, appear to be widespread in vertebrates. A population-level bias should stem from natural selection and reflect a cerebral dominance, while individual preferences might be linked to individual characteristics. Manual laterality has been extensively investigated in non-human primates. However, despite a strong data base, no general pa...