Abstract Each of our sensory modalities — vision, touch, taste, etc. works on a slightly different timescale, with differing temporal resolutions and processing lag. This raises the question how, or indeed whether, these streams are co-ordinated ‘bound’ into coherent multisensory experience perceptual ‘now’. In this paper I evaluate one account how binding is achieved: windows hypothesis , conc...

Intermodal freight transport consists of using different modes without changing the load unit. This results in a significant reduction time that goods spend at intermodal terminals, where transshipment takes place. Drayage refers to on trucks among depots, customers and suppliers. In spite fact drayage only represents between 5 10 percent total distance, it may amount up more than 30 costs. The...

The vehicle routing problem with backhauls (VRPB) as an extension of the classical vehicle routing prob-lem (VRP) attempts to define a set of routes which services both linehaul customers whom product are to be delivered and backhaul customers whom goods need to be collected. A primary objective for the problem usually is minimizing the total distribution cost. Most real-life problems have othe...

In this paper, we introduce a model  to optimization of milk run system that is one of VRP problem with time window and uncertainty in inventory. This approach led to the routes with minimum cost of transportation while satisfying all inventory in a given bounded set of uncertainty .The problem is formulated as a robust optimization problem. Since the resulted problem illustrates that grows up ...

The most common degradations in images is their poor contrast quality. Edge Enhancement is the art of examining images for identifying objects and judging their significance. The proposed paper uses the concept of hybrid edge detection method based on fuzzy sets and cellular learning automata to detect the gray level changes of neighbors of every pixel, and to detect the edge by using the chang...