I introduce spin in field theory by emphasizing the close connection between quantum field theory and quantum mechanics. First, I show that the spin–statistics connection can be derived in quantum mechanics without relativity or field theory. Then, I discuss path integrals for spin without using spinors. Finally, I show how spin can be quantized in a path–integral approach, without introducing ...

IOL power calculation after keratorefractive surgery is an important applied aspect of cataract surgery. The probability refractive error especially high when calculating in patients with a history radial keratotomy. There no unified approach to the tactics and methodology for this category at moment. studies were conducted group 17 (26 eyes) RK. Haigis formula, which does not use keratometry p...

Bubble trajectories in the presence of a decaying Lamb–Oseen vortex are calculated using modified Maxey–Riley equation. Some bubbles shown to get trapped within quasi-equilibrium states. All exit at time that is only function Galilei number and Reynolds number. The set initial bubble locations lead entrapment numerically determined show capturing potential single vortex. results provide insight...

Abstract How Galileo Galilei discovered the law of fall, and difference that this makes Galileo’s fall is one crucial building blocks classical mechanics. The question how was has often been a topic debate. This article offers reconstruction developments within research led to discovery law. offered make philosophical point regarding epistemic status experimental results: experiments can offer ...

Quite recently, Carter and Khalatnikov [CK] have pointed out that a geometric fourdimensional formulation of the non relativistic Landau theory of perfect superfluid dynamics should involve not only Galilei covariance but also, more significantly as far as gravitational effects are concerned, covariance under a larger symmetry group which they call the Milne group after Milne’s pioneering work ...

Marco Formentin, Alberto Lovison, Amos Maritan, and Giovanni Zanzotto Dipartimento di Fisica G. Galilei and CNISM, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35151 Padova (Italy) ([email protected]) Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Padova, via Trieste 63, I-35121 Padova (Italy) ([email protected]) Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, via Venezia 12, I-35131 Padov...