for social and cultural condition of country using weakest and returned water in different uses especially in agricultural consumption is not public and also is faced social opposition. in this study, it is tried to investigate several products in different levels of consumption according to consumer’s views who reside in tehran by mean of willingness to use concept. data are collected in 2012 ...

Application of unit fuel consumption has been explored deeply based on the second law analysis of thermodynamics to meet the strategy demand of optimizing energy structure adjustment. Theory of unit consumption analysis has been used in this paper to explore the theoretical foundation of energy structure adjustment. It has been proved that value of fuel exergy varies when two fuel exergy assess...

Advances in technologies for extracting oil and gas from shale formations have dramatically increased U.S. production of natural gas. As production expands domestically and abroad, natural gas prices will be lower than without shale gas. Lower prices have two main effects: increasing overall energy consumption, and encouraging substitution away from sources such as coal, nuclear, renewables, an...

although on the basis of geo-economic theories, study of energy-related issues is of strategic importance to all countries, energy resources are no more restricted to oil and gas reserves as was the case during the past century. of course, these resources are still key elements of global energy reserves. today, in addition to geo-politics and geo-economics, the concept of hydro-geopolitics puts...

Urban areas are responsible for consuming up to 80% of the energy produced worldwide, mainly as a result of human activities. Due to the constantly increasing world population and the shift of this population into cities, over 60% of the world population is projected to reside in urban areas by 2030 and the corresponding increase in human activities will lead to a tremendous increase in energy ...

since the pressure of hydrocarbon reservoirs drops due to production, in order to keep the production rate constant or increase enhanced recovery, few methods are used. one of which is gas injection to the reservoir. on the other hand, due to reduction in oil production potential of aghajari oil field, gas injection is highly required to pressurize and enhance oil recovery. there is a possibili...

Manure in an inevitable byproduct of the production of meat and milk destined for human consumption. Excessive excretion of manure and manure nutrients represent inefficiencies which increase feed costs, increase the environmental impact of dairy farming, and increase the costs associated with moving and storing manure. Profitability can be enhanced when good feeding and management practices ar...

the purpose of this research is to found the impact of built area and occupant number on winter gas consumption in the residential building sector of iran, shiraz.sothe annually and monthly gas consumption data through 19 houses were analyzed to achieve the heating energy consumption and operation month.the average operation months of gas heating consumption were from first of november up to en...

Reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions are recognized as important issues in today’s world. In addition, oil and gas companies are looking for ways to increase their capacity and maximize system uptime in order to meet the global energy demand. To realize these goals, oil and gas facilities are looking for 261 STUDY OF LARGE VSI DRIVE SYSTEM FOR OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY