In this paper, a new distribution, named POCA, is introduced for modeling envelope fluctuations due to fast fading in indoor environments. The main motivation has been the small number of scatterers in those environments, which makes the central limit theorem invalid for in-phase and quadrature components. Hence they are no longer Gaussian and envelope is not Rayleigh-distributed. POCA, the new...

This paper presents a PDF-matched modification to Stone’s measure of predictability. The modified measure of predictability is a measure of non-gaussianity too. It is an extent of signal predictability by two different prediction terms. One prediction term is based on a normal gaussian PDF assumption for signal. In contrast, the other one is based on a unit variance supergaussian PDF assumption...

A simple statistical model of azimuthal and temporal dispersion in mobile radio channels is proposed. The model includes the probability density function (pdf) of the delay and azimuth of the impinging waves as well as their expected power conditioned on the delay and azimuth. The statistical properties are extracted from macrocellular measurements conducted in a variety of urban environments. ...

We unify two approaches that have been taken to explain the non-Gaussian probability distribution functions (PDFs) obtained in measurements of longitudinal velocity differences in turbulence, and we apply our approach to Couette-Taylor turbulence data. The first approach we consider was developed by Castaing and co-workers, who obtained the non-Gaussian velocity difference PDF from a superposit...

In the context of digital signal processing addressed to communications, this work focuses attention on the optimization of detection of weak signals in presence of additive independent stationary non-Gaussian noise. In order to optimize the detection performances for low SNR values, the selected binary statistical testing approach consists in a Locally Optimum detector, designed on the basis o...

The 21-cm probability distribution function (PDF; i.e. distribution of pixel brightness temperatures) is expected to be highly non-Gaussian during reionization and to provide important information on the distribution of density and ionization. We measure the 21-cm PDF as a function of redshift in a large simulation of cosmic reionization and propose a simple empirical fit. Guided by the simulat...

The 21-cm PDF (i.e., distribution of pixel brightness temperatures) is expected to be highly non-Gaussian during reionization and to provide important information on the distribution of density and ionization. We measure the 21-cm PDF as a function of redshift in a large simulation of cosmic reionization and propose a simple empirical fit. Guided by the simulated PDF, we then carry out a maximu...

The distribution of backscattered intensities as described by the probability density function (PDF) of tissue-scattered light contains information that may be useful for tissue assessment and diagnosis, including characterization of its pathology. In this Letter, we examine the PDF description of the light scattering statistics in a well characterized tissue-like particulate medium using optic...

The mean shift (MS) algorithm is a non-parametric, iterative technique that has been used to find modes of an estimated probability density function (pdf). Although the MS algorithm has been widely used in many applications, such as clustering, image segmentation, and object tracking, a rigorous proof for its convergence is still missing. This paper tries to fill some of the gaps between theory...

Background In clinical chemistry, a number of studies shows that the probability of very large errors is much greater than expected from the Gaussian distribution. In addition, it has been empirically found that the behavior of nonlin-ear complex systems is often asymptotically exponential. Consequently, we may assume that the error of some analytical systems may be approximated by the sum of a...