IEEE 802.11v and 802.11aa are two recent amendments that define new functionalities in order to support a reliable multicast transport over wireless networks. The first amendment introduces directed multicast service (DMS). On the other hand, 802.11aa defines the groupcast with retries (GCR) service, which proposes two retransmission policies: block acknowledgement (GCR-BACK) and unsolicited re...

BACKGROUND Urinary excretions of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase/beta-trace (L-PGDS) probably reflect the increased permeability of injured glomerular capillary walls of the kidney. We tested the hypothesis in cross-sectional and prospective studies that urinary L-PGDS excretions predict renal injury in type-2 diabetes. METHODS (1) In the cross-sectional studies, we evaluated whether ...

The subject of limit curve theorems in Lorentzian geometry is reviewed. A general limit curve theorem is formulated which includes the case of converging curves with endpoints and the case in which the limit points assigned since the beginning are one, two or at most denumerable. Some applications are considered. It is proved that in chronological spacetimes, strong causality is either everywhe...

[1] Svensmark and Friis-Christensen [1997] (hereinafter referred to as SFC97) proposed a ‘‘galactic cosmic ray (GCR), clouds, and climate’’ hypothesis that cosmic ray flux, modulated by solar activity, may modify global total cloud cover (TCC) and thus global surface temperature by changing the number of ions in the atmosphere and thus the cloud droplet formation. This GCR-TCC hypothesis has be...

Internetworking the mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) with the Internet has been a hot issue for many years. However, most researches have been concentrated on the use of MANETs as the access networks for the Internet. This paper introduces another use of MANETs: backup or load-balancing transit networks for the Internet. Although the MANETs capacity is currently low compared with other backbone ...

We propose a variant of variable preconditioning for Generalized Conjugate Residual (GCR)-like methods. The preconditioning is carried out by roughly solving Az = v by an iterative method to a certain degree of accuracy instead of computing Kz = v in a conventional preconditioned algorithm. In our proposal, the number of iterations required for computing Az = v is changed at each iteration by e...

Large numbers of gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs) are frequently observed in many cancers. High mobility group 1 (HMG1) protein is a non-histone DNA-binding protein and is highly expressed in different types of tumors. The high expression of HMG1 could alter DNA structure resulting in GCRs. Spt2p is a non-histone DNA binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and shares homology with ma...

This review analyzes an interdisciplinary approach to the pancreatic endocrine network-like relationships that control glucagon secretion and glucagon counterregulation (GCR). Using in silico studies, we show that a pancreatic feedback network that brings together several explicit interactions between islet peptides and blood glucose reproduces the normal GCR axis and explains its impairment in...

This paper considers the problem of placing a single rectangular generalized congested region (GCR) of given area but unknown dimensions in the presence of other rectangular GCRs, where the edges of the rectangles are parallel to the travel axes. GCRs are closed and bounded regions in 2 in which facility location is prohibited but travel through is allowed at an additional cost per unit distanc...

We address the problem of two pairs of fermions living on an arbitrary number of single particle levels of a potential well (mean field) and interacting through a pairing force. The associated solutions of the Richardson’s equations are classified in terms of a number vl, which reduces to the seniority v in the limit of large values of the pairing strength G and yields the number of pairs not d...