The Journal of Economic Literature codes classification system (JEL) published by the American Association (AEA) is de facto standard for research literature in economics. JEL used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers EconLit, a database maintained AEA. Over time, it has evolved extended with over 850 subclasses. This paper reviews history development sys...

We investigate whether term structure anomalies in U.S. data may be due to a generalized peso problem, in which a high-interest-rate regime occurred less frequently in the U.S. sample than was rationally anticipated. We formalize this idea by estimating a regime-switching model of short-term interest rates with data from seven countries. Under the small-sample distributions generated by the mod...

tourism industry has been the fastest and the most income-generating industry in the first decade of the third millennium. it has been for many countries including some of oic member countries a source of foreign exchange and contributed into their development. in this paper, we try to test empirically whether tourism expansion has had any significant effect on economic growth of oic member cou...

â â â  â â â â â â â â â â â  financial sector is one of the most influential sectors in economic activities. empirical and theoretical studies conducted in recent years have also confirmed the significant role of financial institutions in economic growth. additionally, trade and financial liberalization policies have been particular concerned with strategic policies in developed and developing...

Using an extensive sample of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings, we reexamine the corporate social responsibility (CSR) factor premium in developed equity markets between 2007 2019 show that its extent is contingent upon size effects. Consistent with novel market equilibrium, contend exponential growth socially responsible investment (SRI) has rendered risk-adjusted returns lar...

We show that any connected regular graph with d + 1 distinct eigenvalues and odd-girth 2d + 1 is distance-regular, and in particular that it is a generalized odd graph. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 05E30, 05C50; JEL Classification System: C0

Purpose: To establish the possibility of using indicator inversion difference in yield curve 10-year and 2-year US Treasury bonds to determine current phase stock market, predict future direction market movement improve efficiency managerial investment decisions.
 Design/Method/Approach: The following methods were used when writing paper: empirical – carry out experimental checks revealed ...

We construct a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the null hypothesis that the average treatment effect is non-negative conditional on all possible values of the covariates. The null hypothesis of our interest can be characterized as a conditional moment inequality under the unconfoundedness assumption, and we employ the instrumental variable method to convert the conditional moment inequality into un...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: Q43 F3 G14 G15 Keywords: Stock market returns Oil price fluctuations Gregory–Hansen co-integration test Toda–Yamamoto Granger non-causality test The main focus of this study is to examine how oil price fluctuations influence the performance of stock markets. This study used the causality approach developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) to explore the caus...

abstract the expansion of financ system expanding in a country is one of the main determinant factors of foreign investment. flow and the system is affected by essential factors such as political constancy. political risks of each country is evaluated by political system figuration, its constancy, policies constancy and regular rules existence for political competition. this constancy is the mo...