introduction: the activity of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis is increased following inflammation due to its closed relation with immune system. this axis indicates an increased secretion of acth, and corticosterone during acute inflammation while little is known about its activity during chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis (ra). in this study we measured the products of...

background: naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist shifts the immune response toward a th1 profile. in the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of the mixture of ntx and alum, as a new adjuvant, to enhance immune response and induce protection against leishmania major in a mouse model. methods : balb/c mice were immunized three times either autoclaved l. major promastigotes’ antigens alo...

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) with potential of local invasion and distant metastasis. Our patient presented an enlarging four-centimeter subcutaneous nodule over right clavicle. An incisional biopsy demonstrated unexpected findings a nodular infiltrative BCC. Definitive treatment was radical neck dissection adjuvant radiation therapy. Negative mar...

Mitochondrial production of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) can be catalyzed by wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase, iron-containing 1 (ADHFE1). We investigated whether biochemical background substrate concentration in breast cancer cells promote 2HG production. To estimate its role production, we quantified levels enantiomers using analytical approaches for metabolom...

Background and aim: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common blistering disease in Iran and many other Asian countries with a relatively high incidence and involvement of both skin and mucous membrances in majority of patients. The aim of this study was to assess the opinions of Asian experts on the diagnosis and management of PV. Materials and Methods: A questinnaire-based mailed/emailed sur...

Abstract BACKGROUND Spinal meningiomas account for 1.2-12 % of all and 25-45 spinal tumours. 20 intracranial, but only 4.6 recur requiring additional treatment. Whereas the classification intracranial has evolved considerably in recent years uses genetic epigenetic parameters, is based solely on histopathological findings. By embedding epi-/genetic features, prognosis could be significantly imp...

a-smooth muscle actin 1224 av integrins 346 ABCB1 513 aberrant genetic markers 89 acquired resistance 382 activin A 1210 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 1409 acute myeloid leukaemia 1927 adenocarcinoma 673 adenocarcinoma/ adenosquamous carcinoma 420 adenovirus 1302 adiponectin 562 ADIPOQ 562 adjuvant hormonal therapy 1628 adjuvant treatment 1480 advanced cancer 945 aerobic glycolysis 469 aetiolog...

Abstract Introduction Phyllodes tumours are rare breast fibroepithelial neoplasms. More presentations of these include bilateral disease. Surgical excision with clear margins is the treatment choice. Case Summary We report a case 60-year-old female asynchronous Phyllodes. She initially underwent an left lump that revealed borderline malignant Six years later she presented in her right for three...

Primary adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix is a rare entity and is frequently discovered by the pathologist following appendectomy for suspected appendicitis.We present a 42-year-old male with primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix initially presenting symptoms of acute appendicitis. Histological investigation of the appendectomy specimen showed a mucinous adenocarcinoma and the ...

Saponin-based adjuvants (SBAs) are being used in animal and human (cancer) vaccines, as they induce protective cellular immunity. Their adjuvant potency is a factor of inflammasome activation and enhanced antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells (DCs), but how antigen cross-presentation is induced is not clear. Here we show that SBAs uniquely induce intracellular lipid bodies (LBs) in the ...