A correlation equation for the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of the aerosol emitted by solution metered dose inhalers (MDIs) is presented. A content equivalent diameter is defined and used to describe aerosols generated by evaporating metered dose inhaler sprays. A large set of cascade impaction data is analyzed, and the MMAD and geometric standard deviation is calculated for each dat...

We explore some geometric aspects of compensation compactness associated to Jacobian determinants. We provide the optimal constant in Wente’s inequality the original motivation of this work and go on to give various extensions to geometric situations. In fact we improve Wente’s inequality somewhat, making it more appropriate for applications in which optimal results are required. This is demons...

Objective(s): Size specific dose estimate (SSDE) is a new parameter that includes patient size factor in its calculation. Recent studies have produced mixed results on the utility of SSDE, especially when automatic exposure control (AEC) was used. The objective of the study was to find out if there is a relationship between patient size and each of the parameters, SSDE...

Extracting features of components in an image is an important step for recognition of objects in the image. It is an intermediate-level image processing task as it transforms an image to a list of features. SIMD mesh-connected computers are considered natural architectures for low-level image processing tasks that transform an image into another image. In this paper, we design a fast general al...

to determine the droplet characteristics of agricultural spray nozzles through water sensitive paper (wsp), the non-circular and overlapped spots appearing on the water sensitive paper surfaces are eliminated. in the conventional approach, the procedure is done according to the subjective self determined estimation of the operator. the objective of this study was to develop a practical alternat...

Given any two vertices u, v of a random geometric graph, denote by dE(u, v) their Euclidean distance and by dG(u, v) their graph distance. The problem of finding upper bounds on dG(u, v) in terms of dE(u, v) has received a lot of attention in the literature [1, 2, 6, 8]. In this paper, we improve these upper bounds for values of r = ω( √ logn) (i.e. for r above the connectivity threshold). Our ...

In vitro studies have demonstrated that geometry of the carotid bifurcation predicts blood flow alterations associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation. We investigated intraindividual asymmetry of carotid atherosclerosis by measuring geometric aspects of the carotid bifurcation. We measured diameter stenosis, the internal carotid artery/common carotid artery area ratio, and the angle of t...

Design of 3D scaffolds that can facilitate proper survival, proliferation, and differentiation of progenitor cells is a challenge for clinical applications involving large connective tissue defects. Cell migration within such scaffolds is a critical process governing tissue integration. Here, we examine effects of scaffold pore diameter, in concert with matrix stiffness and adhesivity, as indep...

Design of 3D scaffolds that can facilitate proper survival, proliferation, and differentiation of progenitor cells is a challenge for clinical applications involving large connective tissue defects. Cell migration within such scaffolds is a critical process governing tissue integration. Here, we examine effects of scaffold pore diameter, in concert with matrix stiffness and adhesivity, as indep...

We show that if a closed irreducible three-manifold with hyperbolic fundamental group contains a surface subgroup satisfying a certain geometric regularity assumption, then the surface is either quasiconvex or a virtual fiber. In the latter case, the manifold is hyperbolic. The regularity condition ensures that we may find algebraic bounds on the surface group which are analogous to the diamete...