This article provides an analysis of Mongolia’s foreign relations with the post-Soviet Central Asian states, particularly Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, their prospects going forward. It overview why, despite shared geocultural identities geopolitical imperatives, relationship remains more distant than its other neighbors East Asia. then assesses changes brought by dynamics a rising Chinese power p...

Within the modern capitalist World-System, Missionary work was mostly developed through connubiality with colonial powers. The missionary of Anglican Church is no exception. This article centers on enterprise carried out in Argentine Patagonia nineteenth century. Missionaries’ reports carefully narrated that venture. However, language and notions underlying work’s narration reveal dominion ideo...

In this paper, I argue for the use of robotic competitions as benchmarks for robotics research. By providing a common task to be solved at a specific place and a specific time, competitions avoid some of the difficulties arising when evaluating robotics research in the own lab. Competitions also bring together multiple research groups working on the same problem. This fosters the exchange of id...

The internationalization of the Libyan crisis and its accompanying militarization conflict have played a vital role in hindering to reach comprehensive political settlement solution Libya. increasing international greediness energy resources geopolitical importance State led involvement many regional powers this transformed into “proxy war”. Moreover, Turkish direct military intervention is con...

The digital roots S* (x), of a n positive integer is the digit 0 ≤ b 9 obtained through an iterative sum process, where each iteration from previous result so that only remains. For example, iterated 999999 because + = 54 and 5 4 9. digits integer, even roots, recurring subject in mathematical competitions has been addressed several papers, for example Ghannam (2012), Ismirli (2014) or Lin (201...

T research examines the development of confidence and accuracy over time in the context of forecasting. Although overconfidence has been studied in many contexts, little research examines its progression over long periods of time or in consequential policy domains. This study employs a unique data set from a geopolitical forecasting tournament spanning three years in which thousands of forecast...

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic and geopolitical organisation of eight countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) that are primarily located in South Asia. To promote the welfare of the people of South Asia and to improve their quality of life through accelerated economic growth, social progress and cultura...

In a privatization competition, private contractors bid against an in-house team to perform a governmental function that is currently performed by the in-house team. The Department of Defense initiated 3,500 privatization competitions from 1978 to 1994, generating estimated annual savings of $1.46 billion. We estimate a reduced-form model of the savings from these competitions that takes into a...

historically, central asia and the caucasus has been the source of important developments in the regional and global level. the whole geopolitical theories in the 20th and 21st century paid special attention to this area. geopolitical status of the region has posed challenges for residents and even neighbors of the region. these challenges can be described as the divergence factors. therefore, ...