Almost a century has elapsed since the Gestalt psychologists first emphasized the importance of internal organization processes to perception. The work of Gestaltists has had an enormous influence on perceptual psychology; largely through their compelling visual demonstrations which can be found in most textbooks on perception. However, Gestalt concepts such as Pragnanz, isomorphism, wholism, a...

Four aspects of Gestalt practice that are particularly relevant to HIV-related therapy are explored: the client-therapist relationship, the phenomenonological method, awareness as the goal of therapy, and experiments and role playing. Applying the Gestalt ideals of self-regulation, wholeness, and growth to a person with HIV is vital to counteract the patient's loss of immune function. The Gesta...

In a formerpaper2we pointed out thatthe term 'Gestalt' is being used in at least two essentially different meanings. We suggested limiting the use of the term 'Gestalt' to its original meaning, i.e. 'shape' , 'form' or 'configuration'. Its other meaning is often expressed by 'functional (or organized) whole'; we used3 the expression 'determinational system' [Wirkungssystem] instead. In the form...

The study deals with making a distinction between the terms “concept” and “notion”, on one hand, “frame”, “gestalt” “image”, other. survey shows that researchers are not unanimous in their opinion regarding both typology of cognitive structures content. Relevant classifications indicate clearly frame, gestalt image most regular categories, so, understanding content, apart from relationship to e...

Formal methods developed for modeling levels of selection problems have recently been applied to the investigation of major evolutionary transitions. We discuss two new tools of this kind. First, the "near-variant test" can be used to compare the causal adequacy of predictively equivalent representations. Second, "state-variable gestalt-switching" can be used to gain a useful dual perspective o...

Humans can rapidly extract object and category information from an image despite surprising limitations in detecting changes to the individual parts of that image. In this article we provide evidence that the construction of a perceptual whole, or Gestalt, reduces awareness of changes to the parts of this object. This result suggests that the rapid extraction of a perceptual Gestalt, and the in...

CONTEXT Experienced clinicians' gestalt is useful in estimating the pretest probability for pulmonary embolism and is complementary to diagnostic testing, such as lung scanning. However, it is unclear whether recently developed clinical prediction rules, using explicit features of clinical examination, are comparable with clinicians' gestalt. If so, clinical prediction rules would be powerful t...

When I first conceived the plan of writing this book I guessed, though I did not know, how much effort it would cost to carry it out, and what demands it would put on a potential reader. And I doubted, not rhetorically but very honestly and sincerely, whether such labour on the part of the author and the reader was justified. I was not so much troubled by the idea of writing another book on psy...

BACKGROUND Since psychological tests such as questionnaire or drawing tests are almost qualitative, their results carry a degree of uncertainty and sometimes subjectivity. The deficiency of all drawing tests is that the assessment is carried out after drawing the objects and lots of information such as pen angle, speed, curvature and pressure are missed through the test. In other words, the psy...

Gestalt principles are rules for the organization of perceptual scenes. They were introduced in the context of philosophy and psychology in the 19th century and were used to define principles of human perception in the early 20th century. The Gestalt (form, in German) principles include, among others: proximity, the grouping of closely positioned objects; similarity, the grouping of objects of ...