Novel lupane-type triterpenoid-isoxazole conjugates were designed by direct placing of isoxazole linker at C(17) triterpenoid. The suggested synthetic sequence demonstrates successful combination electro-organic synthesis and conventional approaches. TEMPO-mediated electrooxidation betulin to betulinal was developed optimized boron-doped diamond anodes with potassium acetate as inexpensive supp...

Convincing epidemiological data suggest an inverse association between cancer and neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since both AD and cancer are characterized by abnormal, but opposing cellular behavior, i.e., increased cell death in AD while excessive cell growth occurs in cancer, this motivates us to initiate the study into unraveling the shared genes and cell signaling p...

Malignant glioblastoma multiform (GBM, WHO grade IV) are the most malignant and prevalent intracranial tumor providing for well over one half of all gliomas (Hoffman et al., 2006; Schneider et al., 2010). GBM is characterized by a rapid growth and short time to progression in most treated patients. Current therapeutic modalities include surgical resection, radio-surgical or external irradiation...

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze plasma proteins of volunteers (control) and patients with glioblastoma multiform (GBM). A database search was pre-set with a variable post-translational modification (PTM): phosphorylation, acetylation or ubiquitination. There were no significant differences between the control and the GBM groups regarding the number of protein ...

Among patients which develop glioblastoma multiform (GBM), recurrence is the rule despite continuous progress in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the adult, GBM is the most frequent and most aggressive tumour of the Central Nervous System. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which these tumours relapse could promote the use of preventive therapy and could increase patients' su...

EphA4, an Ephrins tyrosine kinase receptor, behaves as a dependence receptor (DR) by triggering cell apoptosis in the absence of its ligand Ephrin-B3. DRs act as conditional tumor suppressors, engaging cell death based on ligand availability; this mechanism is bypassed by overexpression of DRs ligands in some aggressive cancers. The pair EphA4/Ephrin-B3 favors survival of neuronal progenitors o...

The malignancy of glioblastoma multiform (GBM), the most common and aggressive form of human brain tumors, strongly correlates with the presence of hypoxic areas, but the mechanisms controlling the hypoxia-induced aggressiveness are still unclear. GBM cells express a number of ion channels whose activity supports cell volume changes and increases in the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, ultimatel...

OBJECTIVES P In vitro chemosensitivity and resistance assays (CSRAs) are a promising tool for personalized treatment of glioblastoma multiform (GBM). These assays require a minimum of 1 to 2 g of tumor specimen for testing, but this amount is not always accessible. We aimed to assess the feasibility and validity of utilizing stereotactic biopsies of GBM in CSRAs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single ...

BACKGROUND Immunohistochemical markers are considered as important factors in diagnosis of malignant astrocytomas. The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency of the immunohistochemical markers neurofilament protein (NFP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in malignant astrocytoma tumors in Firoozgar and Rasool-Akram hospitals from 2005 to 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS...

Rearrangements concerning chromosome 9p are a late event in the progression of human astrocytic tumors to their most malignant form. The expression of PAX5, which maps to chromosome 9p13, was studied in primary human brain tumors of astrocytic origin. Whereas murine Pax5 is not expressed in the forebrain at any stage, PAX5 expression was increased in a range of astrocytomas (WHO grades II-IV) w...