Assortative mating promotes reproductive isolation and allows allopatric speciation processes to continue in secondary contact. As mating patterns are determined by mate preferences and intrasexual competition, we investigated male-male competition and behavioral isolation in simulated secondary contact among allopatric populations. Three allopatric color morphs of the cichlid fish Tropheus wer...

septoria tritici blotch (stb), caused by mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph: septoria tritici), is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide that has been intensified recently in some regions of iran including moghan plain. in this study reaction of 23 bread and durum wheat cultivars to 10 isolates of the pathogen collected from moghan region during 2007 and 2008, were evaluated u...

Abiotic and biotic stresses have been a serious threat to crop growth productivity in the agricultural system. In this study, four strains (HS1, H30-3, KJ40, BC42), which biological activities related disease suppression or alleviation of salinity drought stresses, were tested for broad-spectrum biocontrol activity against anthracnose caused by <i>Colletotrichum orbiculare</i>, bact...

An essential pre-requisite to exploration of the potential impacts of climate change on wine quality is to establish a robust relationship between winegrape quality and climate. Here, Australian wine industry regional scale climate and winegrape quality information were evaluated. A model that describes the climate sensitivity of quality measures for premium winegrape varieties grown in Austral...

Grape harvest date is determined according to the technological and phenolic maturities. These parameters were calculated for different red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, Cabernet Franc) over four years (2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011) (642 samples). Titratable acidity and sugar content of the grapes were used to determine the technological maturity, whereas...

Methods and results: Anthocyanins and PAs were analyzed by HPLC in three wine varieties during maceration time (20 days). The results showed that anthocyanin extraction followed the same kinetics for the three varieties. In the case of PAs, Syrah must-wine showed the highest concentration of these compounds, which were seen to be mainly skin-derived. Monastrell must-wine presented the lowest co...

Biostimulators with chemical protection are a challenge in sustainable agriculture to obtain high yield, healthy, and pesticide-free wheat. The aim of this four-year spring wheat field experiment was assess the effectivity using herbicide, mixed fungicides protection, humic biostimulator. following treatments were tested: biostimulator (S), sulfosulfuron (H), H + S, propiconazole cyproconazole/...

Cucurbit bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli is a significant threat to watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] production worldwide. In the United States, seedless cultivars are primarily used in watermelon production, which now relies largely on transplant production in greenhouses to ensure a high germination rate. Unfortunately, the warm and ...