This paper presents a contracting model of governance based on the premise that CEOs are the main promoters of governance change. CEOs use their power to extract higher pay or private benefits, and different governance structures are preferred by different CEOs as they favor one or the other type of compensation. The model explains why good countrywide investor protection breeds good firm gover...

Clinical governance has been introduced in the UK as a mechanism to improve the quality of health services, and the professional performance of clinicians. Specialist societies have a pivotal role to play in developing systems to support its implementation in clinical practice. Rehabilitation medicine is a specialty characterised by closely integrated interdisciplinary teamwork. The particular ...

Technological developments open up new opportunities for collaboration between biodiversity researchers and the general public. Three exemplary case studies were reviewed from literature: digitizing museum specimens, text-mining archived expedition journals and handling environmental monitoring data. Data management principles were applied to refine the ensuing requirements. Specific requiremen...

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first task is to develop a conceptual framework for thinking about local democratic governance. Once that framework is developed, specific indicators will be proposed to monitor the quality of key features or characteristics of a process of local democratic governance. The indicators will be “actionable” and can be used to guide CDD operations and track...

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impacts of corporate governance on credit risk in the Iranian banking industry. The sample consists of 20 banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2011-2016 and the statistical method is panel data. In this research, credit risk and corporate governance are the dependent and independent variables, respectively. The meta-synthesis m...

BACKGROUND Clinical Governance provides a framework for assessing and improving clinical quality through a single coherent program. Organizational appropriateness is aimed at achieving the best health outcomes and the most appropriate use of resources. The goal of the present study is to verify the likely relationship between Clinical Governance and appropriateness of hospital stay. METHODS A...

We study the nexus between enterprises and the state in transition countries, using new enterprise survey data. We examine the quality of governance, state intervention in enterprise decision-making, state benefits to firms and corruption payments. The quality of governance varies both across countries and across different dimensions of governance within countries. Economic reform improves gove...

Financial crises have a way of bringing corporate governance to the foreground. For interested parties wanting to know more, there is an impressive body of research that looks at companies and the connection between strong governance and better performance. However, the existing literature only goes so far. It does not look at whether the level and quality of firm-level corporate governance pla...

We examine the effect of corporate governance on the use of dividends and repurchases, composition of payout, and inclusion of a pre-commitment feature in the payout policy. We find that dividend payout is decreasing in governance quality. Corporate governance has a mixed effect on repurchases: good external governance prompts managers to repurchase more and to use repurchases as the only form ...

OBJECTIVE Clinical Governance (CG) program has been raised in Iran in order to improve the quality of clinical care. The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness of clinical governance program among clinical staff working in selected teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. METHODS To investigate the CG awareness, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 345 clinical staff working...