An in-plane liquid gradient index (L-GRIN) microlens is designed for dynamically adjusting the beam focusing. The ethylene glycol solution (core liquid) withde-ionized (DI) water (cladding liquid) is co-injected into the lens chamber to form a gradient refractive index profile. The influences of the diffusion coefficient, mass fraction of ethylene glycol and flow rate of liquids on the refracti...

Reconstruction of the refractive index fluctuations in the atmosphere, or atmospheric tomography, is an underlying problem of many next generation adaptive optics (AO) systems, such as the multiconjugate adaptive optics or multiobject adaptive optics (MOAO). The dimension of the problem for the extremely large telescopes, such as the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), suggests the use ...

Chalcogenide glasses have attracted growing interest for their potential to meet the demands of photonic applications in Mid-Wavelength InfraRed (MWIR) and Long-Wavelength (LWIR) transmission windows. In this work, we investigated photosensitivity femtosecond laser irradiation a dedicated chalcogenide glass, along with its possible micro-optics. order address SWaP problem (Size, Weight Power), ...

Geometric phase is a unifying and central concept in physics, including optics. As matter of fact, optics played pivotal role from the inception this new paradigm, as some first experimental demonstrations have been carried out A specific type geometric was introduced by Pancharatnam while investigating interference effects between different polarizations. This phase, nowadays called Pancharatn...

A Fourier optics analysis for a recently developed lateral shearing interferometry-coherent gradient sensing-is presented. The governing equations for the method are explicitly derived. The method of coherent gradient sensing is particularly suitable for investigating the mechanics of fracture of transparent and opaque solids. Several examples demonstrating the applicability of the method to qu...

Relying on abrupt phase discontinuities, metasurfaces characterized by a transversely inhomogeneous surface impedance profile have been recently explored as an ultrathin platform to generate arbitrary wave fronts over subwavelength thicknesses. Here, we outline fundamental limitations of passive gradient metasurfaces in molding the impinging wave and show that local phase compensation is essent...

Abstract We derive a general solution based on geometric optics that describes the light propagation properties in multimode optical fibers with inverted refractive index profiles. Using this solution, we classify rays according to their and calculate analytical expressions of ray trajectories inside these under different launching conditions. In addition, discuss most suitable conditions maxim...

Vertical excursion fixed-field alternating gradient accelerators can be designed with tunes that are invariant respect to momentum and trajectories scaled images of each other displaced only in the vertical direction. This is possible using guiding fields have a exponential increase, skew quadrupole component magnet body solenoid at ends. Because coupling this introduces, orbit optics calculati...