introduction: presently, bacteremia is the principal cause of morbidity in patients undergoing hemodialysis. gram-negative bacteria account for approximately 50 percent of documented infections. endotoxins released during lysis of gram negative bacteremia result in inflammatory and defense response by the body and if not treated promptly result in septic shock and ultimately death of the patien...

conclusions our findings implied that a wide range of bacteria could be involved in creating urinary tract infection in patients referred to a medical laboratory of kashani and hajar hospital in shahrekord, iran. regardless of age, sex and the use of catheter, a wide range of bacteria could be involved in urinary tract infections. patients and methods in this cross-sectional study 147 urine sam...

background and objectives: non-fementer gram-negative bacilli (nfgb) are ubiquitous pathogen that has emerged as a major cause of health care associated infections. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of   nfgb in an iranian hospital. materials and methods: fromjuly 2005 to november 2006 a total of 257 strains of nfgb including 109 (42.41%) str...

conclusions our results showed the rate of effects of different risk factors on imipenem resistance. regarding the studied risk factors, appropriate programs must be set in place to control and prevent imipenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria. results of the 374 isolated, 134 were imipenem resistant, and 240 were sensitive to imipenem. the resistance rate was more common in males and in pa...

Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the main problems in health systems in the world. Diabetic Foot infections (DFI) is one of the main complications and the most cause  of non-traumatic lower limb amputation .This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacteria involved in DFI and their antibiotic resistance in patients with DFI diagnosis. Patients and Metho...

A wide range of medicinal plant parts that possess varied medicinal properties are used for extracts as raw drugs. In this study, the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seedlings was evaluated in vitro to examine their antimicrobial activity against four Gram-negative and three Gram-positive bacteria and two fungi. Aerial parts of one-month-old see...

Food poisoning has been emerged as a worldwide health issue and related illness in both developed and developing countries confirms its significance as an important public health priority.In vitro antibacterialevaluationof nine fluoroquinolone derivatives against food borne bacteria including Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Yersini...

background and objectives: the artemisia genus of asteraceae family is represented by 34 species in iran. artemisia sieberi grows wild in different regions of iran and grows in desert and semi- desert climate and has forage value for animals and also medicinal properties for humans. in this study we examined the antimicrobial effects of a. sieberi. materials and methods: the antimicrobial activ...

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 are two cytokines secreted by monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial products which have largely opposite effects on the immune system. IL-12 activates cytotoxicity and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion by T cells and NK cells, whereas IL-10 inhibits these functions. In the present study, the capacities of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to...