CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are proved to have strong immune stimulatory activity. Plasmids containing CpG ODNs could be conveniently and low-costly used as vaccine adjuvant. However, they are different among various plasmids, motif repeats, species, etc. In the present study, plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+) containing five repetitions of CpG ODN 1670A named pcDNA3.1-1670A*5 with strong immunostimula...

Introduction Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an important species of freshwater fish in China. It accounts for about 20% of the total freshwater fishery production. Hemorrhagic disease of grass carp is the most serious infectious disease of grass carp and causes significant losses of fingerlings during rearing. Survival to market size is less than 20% if this disease occurs. Hemorrhagi...

This study investigated the effect of a lotic environment on morphological characteristics and energy metabolism in juvenile grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. The fish were stocked forced to swim for 12 h per day 4 weeks at three water current velocities 0.5, 2, body length s−1 (Bl s−1). control lentic with 0 Bl s−1. results showed that significantly increased weight, length, condition factor...

The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is an important commercial farmed herbivorous fish species in China, but is susceptible to Aeromonas hydrophila infections. In the present study, we performed de novo RNA-Seq sequencing of spleen tissue from specimens of a disease-resistant family, which were given intra-peritoneal injections containing PBS with or without a dose of A. hydrophila. The fi...