it is generally accepted that no one is allowed to abuse his legal rights accorded by a country for evasion from some limitations provided by the same country and several laws and verdicts have considered and confirmed this requirement as a rule. nevertheless there is neither common sense about neither the conditions under which such a rule may be applied nor the reactions to be taken against s...

when the victim contributes to the damage, the apportionment of liability is necessary, and the amount of compensation awarded to the victim should be reduced. also, when more than one person injures someone, the liability must be divided between them. but the problem is that how to apportion liability? should the liability be apportioned equally or different? and if the latter is true, how the...

privacy in the context of islamic law, the quran and sunnah reasons, is not mentioned. but this does not mean that the concept of privacy as one of the basic human rights in islamic law has not been considered. various aspects of privacy are presented in the sharia particular discourse. in this study in addition to concept of privacy and law in islamic law, law enforcement in islamic law and so...

principles of judicial review in administrative law are basic criteria developed through judicial decisions. most of these principles have a legal value in modern administrative law. in this paper some of these principles and criteria have been studied in switzerland administrative law. in this country the legality, equality, public interest, good faith, hearing and proportionality principles h...

among the significant issues relating to interpretation of laws is whether a later law will abrogate an earlier one or just qualify it. as it seems that disagreement exists between the meaning of a general and a specific law, it should be discussed whether the specific law qualify the general one or abrogate it. in this article, the nature of abrogation will be discussed. then, various kinds of...

the internet has transformed the manner of conducting commercial transactions and has created regulatory gaps. these regulatory gaps may impact the effective development of electronic commerce. attempts are being made to regulate electronic contracts both at the national and international level. the present research analyses these attempts, in particular the electronic transaction legislation o...

Recent mass killings, such as those in Newtown, Connecticut, and Aurora, Colorado, have brought new attention to mass killings in the United States. This article examines 323 mass killings taking place between January 1, 2006, and October 4, 2016, to assess how they are distributed over time. In particular, we find that they appear to be uniformly distributed over time, which suggests that thei...