BACKGROUND: Nicotiana tobacco contains large amounts of alkaloid nicotine. Tobacco plant is used for smoking and causes many health problems since it is high in nicotine which is one of the widely-recognized toxic compounds with serious side effects for different body organs. Reducing nicotine content of this plant is a way to reduce its health hazards in cigarette smokers. Utilizing the new ...

Background: Nicotine is a toxic compound in the cigarette smoke and has destructive effects on various human organs. Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with high antioxidant property. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of astaxanthin against nicotine-induced toxicity in mice testes. Methods: Forty-two inbred balb/c male mice were divided into six groups:Group 1, received 1 ml norma...

background: infertility is common among couples of child-bearing age and ap-proximately half of known causes of primary infertility are attributable to male factor. it is still unclear whether the injurious effects of cigarette smoking on sperm characteristics and infertility are due to nicotine. therefore, the present study investigated the effects of orally administered of nicotine on sperm c...

Nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. As the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. Iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...

Electro-polymerized PEDOT film on a graphene-modified electrode is demonstrated as selective electrochemical nicotine sensor. Nicotine was detected with high selectivity and real sample analysis carried out.

Increased activity of mesolimbic dopaminergic system within ventral tegmental area (VTA) due to nicotine results in psychologic dependence. It has been argued that function of dopamine receptors could by affected by ascorbic acid (AA). Furthermore, AA can decrease the withdrawal syndrome signs in addicted animals and may postpone the development of nicotine dependence. In the present study, the...

Background: Nicotine can activate dopaminergic neurons within the ventral tegmental area (VTA). However, there is no evidence about complete inhibition of VTA on nicotine reinforcement. Methods: in the present study, we used conditioned-place preference (CPP) method to study the effect of transient inhibition of left and/or right side of the VTA by lidocaine on nicotine reward properties. Male ...

background: nicotine exposure causes impaired fertility and ovarian dysfunction. the aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of melatonin, which is known as an antioxidant agent on altered ovarian functions upon nicotine exposure. methods: a total of 32 female adult nmri mice were divided randomly into four groups (n=8). the control group received vehicle, while group ...

background: nicotine can activate dopaminergic neurons within the ventral tegmental area (vta). however, there is no evidence about complete inhibition of vta on nicotine reinforcement. methods: in the present study, we used conditioned-place preference (cpp) method to study the effect of transient inhibition of left and/or right side of the vta by lidocaine on nicotine reward properties. male ...