Wireless sensor networks (WSN) keep developing in recent days concerning the self-covered network, self-healing and association of system component circuit selections that enable implementation process. network lifetime stabilization is essential to providing a higher quality experience consumers. The wireless associated with classifiers learning data pattern further modify cluster selection pr...

This paper focuses on reducing the power consumption of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, a communication protocol named LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is modified. We extend LEACHs stochastic cluster-head selection algorithm by a modifying the probability of each node to become cluster-head based on its required energy to transmit to the sink. We present an efficient energ...

This paper presents Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization Based Combined MAC, Routing, and Unequal Clustering Cross-Layer Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (FAMACROW) consisting of several nodes that send sensed data to a Master Station. FAMACROW incorporates cluster head selection, clustering, and inter-cluster routing protocols. FAMACROW uses fuzzy logic with residual energy, number of neighb...

Mobile ad hoc network is a self-configuring, self organizing and decentralized network. It is connected by wireless links. Each device in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction. Hence it can change its links to other devices frequently. It is a collection of mobile wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network without using any pre-existing infrastructure. Due to characteri...

Many cluster based routing protocols have been proposed in the field of wireless sensor networks, in which a group of nodes are formed as clusters. A cluster head is selected from one among those nodes based on residual energy, coverage area, number of hops and that cluster-head will perform data gathering from various sensor nodes and forwards aggregated data to the base station or to a relay ...

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a self organizing wireless network system consists of number of energy limited sensor nodes. Since sensor nodes are battery powered devices, they have limited processing and transmission power and with limited communication ability. In order to transmit sensing data to receiver effectively, it is necessary to design an energy efficient routing protocol for WSN...

a wireless sensor network consists of many inexpensive sensor nodes that can be used toconfidently extract data from the environment .nodes are organized into clusters and in each cluster all non-cluster nodes transmit their data only to the cluster-head .the cluster-head transmits all received data to the base station .because of energy limitation in sensor nodes and energy reduction in each d...

This paper presents Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based MAC/Routing cross-layer protocol (FAMACRO) for Wireless Sensor Networks that encompases cluster head selection, clustering and inter-cluster routing protocols. FAMACRO uses fuzzy logic with residual energy, number of neighboring nodes and quality of communication link as input variables for cluster head selection. To avoid “hot s...

Hierarchical routing algorithm as an energy optimization strategy has been widely considered as one of the effective ways to save energy for wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an uneven clustering routing algorithm based on optimal clustering. The algorithm considers the calculation of optimal cluster number, cluster head selection, cluster radius calculation, and isolated node...

Reducing the energy consumption of available resources is still a problem to be solved in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Many types of existing routing protocols are developed to save power consumption. In these protocols, cluster-based routing protocols are found to be more energy efficient. A cluster head is selected to aggregate the data received from root nodes and forwards these data to ...