The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of moderate resolution satellite data estimating the surface heat balance in a tropical hydroelectric reservoir. Each component of the heat flux balance was computed using the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) water surface temperature (WST) level 2, 1 km nominal resolution data (MOD11L2, version 5) from 2003 to 2008....

A homeothermic animal maintains a balance between its heat production and the physical processes of heat exchange with its environment by regulating its physiology and behavior. The complexity of heat transfer is beyond comprehension, but the characteristics of heat transfer for different animals in different habitats can be determined through analytical procedures. For example, evaporation los...

Effect of heat stress on changes in acid-base balance, physiological parameters and cortisol level were evaluated in Polish Merino sheep. Fifteen sheep were exposed to high temperature conditions (30 °C) in order to induce heat stress. All environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and air movement were monitored. A decrease of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in blood and concentrati...

The estimation of spatially distributed crop water use or evapotranspiration (ET) can be achieved using the energy balance for land surface algorithm and multispectral imagery obtained from remote sensing sensors mounted on airor space-borne platforms. In the energy balance model, net radiation (Rn) is well estimated using remote sensing; however, the estimation of soil heat flux (G) has had mi...

Metallized plastic sheeting (m.p.s.) was used in 14 neurosurgical patients and changes in body heat content during surgery compared with those of 14 control patients. All patients, except three in the study group and one in the control group, lost heat by the end of the operation. There was, however, a statistically significant reduction in heat loss in the patients wrapped in m.p.s. Measuremen...

Heat stress is associated with death and other maladaptions including muscle dysfunction and impaired growth across species. Despite this common observation, the molecular effects leading to these pathologic changes remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which heat stress disrupted redox balance and initiated an inflammatory response in oxidative and glycolytic...

UNLABELLED The use of caffeine supplements in athletic and military populations has increased in recent years. Excessive caffeine consumption in conjunction with exercise in a hot environment may predispose individuals to heat illness. PURPOSE To examine heat balance induced by a large dose of caffeine during exercise in a hot environment. METHODS Ten men, not heat acclimated and not habitu...

The mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) has specialized vascular networks (retia mirabilia) forming counter-current heat exchangers that allow metabolic heat retention in certain regions of the body, including the aerobic, locomotor red muscle and the viscera. Red muscle, white muscle and stomach temperatures were measured in juvenile (5-13.6 kg) makos swimming steadily in a water tunnel and exposed...

heat stress is an effective factor on immune responses, body weight, egg production and egg quality of chickens. the major effect of heat stress is due to decreased food intake and alteration in acid-base balance. during the recent years, efforts to improve laying performance at high temperatures have been relatively successful. supplementation of the diet or drinking water with special nutrien...

ABSTRACT:A mathematical model for the performance prediction of an industrial glass furnace with six ports on each side was developed. This model comprises of two main sub-models for the combustion chamber and glass-melting tank. The first sub-model consists of the models for the combustion and the heat transfer model including, radiation, convection and conduction. The fuel combustion in a...