Real-time surgical simulation requires computationally-fast models describing the interaction between surgical instrument and tissues. In this study, a model for predicting the temperature distribution in brain tissue when using a bipolar electrocautery is proposed and validated against experimental in vitro animal data. Joule heat generation and heat conduction in the tissue are considered. Th...

After Moore’s Law the number of transistors on an integrated circuit doubles every 18 months. New circuits are furthermore clocked with increasing frequencies. This development not only leads to an increase of the available functionality, but also to a rise of the electrical power consumption of these systems. The power consumption of integrated circuits is problematic in two respects: on one h...

Atraumatic preparation of the recipient site has been considered an important factor influencing implant survival. Heat generation during bone drilling has been reported to be related to various factors. The methodology for heat assessment and bone examination together with the osseous models are still points of great speculation. The present paper classifies and discusses some of those factors...

The paper presents two designs of combined prismatic-parabola-cylindrical stationary concentrators. They reach 8.4X and 10.4X concentration levels for nonsymmetrical and symmetrical concentrators correspondingly and can be used with solar cells for electricity and heat generation. ©2010 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (220.1770) Concentrators; (220.4298) Nonimaging optics; (220.2740) Geo...

Vibrothermography is a nondestructive technique for finding defects through vibration-induced heating imaged with an infrared camera. To model the crack heating process in Vibrothermography, it is essential first to understand the vibration that causes heat generation. We describe a method for calculating internal motions from surface vibrometry measurements. A reciprocity integral and Gauss’s ...

This paper completes the statistical modeling of the Hubble ow when a Tully-Fisher type relation is used for estimating the absolute magnitude M a p + b from a line width distance indicator p. Our investigation is performed with the aim of providing us with a full understanding of statistical biases due to selection eeects in observation, regardless of peculiar velocities of galaxies. We show t...

Theoretical studies have shown that the issue of rupture modes has important implications for fault constitutive laws, stress conditions on faults, energy partition and heat generation during earthquakes, scaling laws, and spatiotemporal complexity of fault slip. Early theoretical models treated earthquakes as crack-like ruptures, but seismic inversions indicate that earthquake ruptures may pro...

A liquid piston concept is proposed to improve the efficiency of gas compression and expansion. Because a liquid can conform to an irregular chamber volume, the surface area to volume ratio in the gas chamber can be maximized using a liquid piston. This creates near-isothermal operation, which minimizes energy lost to heat generation. A liquid piston eliminates gas leakage and replaces sliding ...

The key parameters for occurrence of the anomalous phenomena, especially excess heat generation and emission of excess neutrons, have been investigated through a series of electrolytic experiments in Pd-LiOD(H) systems. Seven key parameters are identified. In the present work, a series of systematic experiments has been carried out with some parameters fixed. By controlling the key parameters c...