A novel experimental approach is developed for characterizing the performance of heat pipe wick structures. This approach simulates the actual operation of wick structures in a heat pipe. Open, partially submerged, sintered copper wicks of varying pore size are studied under the partially saturated conditions found in normal heat pipe operation. A vertical wick orientation, where the capillary ...

The curvature of a liquid vapor interface has long been known to change the equilibrium vapor pressure. It has also been shown that a capillary structure will affect the temperature at which both freezing and vaporization of a substance will occur. However, describing interfacial effects on the latent heat of a phase change has proven more difficult. Here, we present a classical thermodynamic m...

In 1938, Smoker proposed an analytical closed form formula to calculate the number of stages in a binary distillation column. The equation assumes constant relative volatility and constant molar overflow. For many mixtures, it is practical to assume constant relative volatility. However, the latent heat of vaporization of the different components are generally not equal and hence, the analytica...

I. TECHNICAL PROGRESS The objective of this program was to seek improved process control and weldment reliability during laser welding of automotive aluminum alloys while retaining the high speed and accuracy of the laser beam welding process. In particular, we undertook a comprehensive experimental and theoretical research to understand the effects of various welding variables on the loss of a...

Abstract The molecular descriptors are a useful tool in the spectral graph, chemistry and several fields of mathematics. edge F-index is proposed for fuzzy graphs (FGs) here. Bounds this index calculated FGs. FG has been investigated given set vertices as having maximum F-index. Some relations with second Zagreb hyper-Zagreb established. For an isomorphic FGs, it shown that value same. some ope...

Abstract The absolute vapor pressures of three amino-alcohols were measured using the transpiration method. consistent set standard molar enthalpies vaporization for eighteen was evaluated empirical and structure–property correlations. averaged values recommended as reliable benchmark properties heat management CO 2 capture technologies. Centerpiece approach based on group-additivity principles...