Sarcoid like reaction is a well-known entity that occurs as a consequence to several malignancies or their therapies. Immunotherapy has gained a lot of interest in the past few years and has recently gained approval as first line therapy in multiple advanced stage malignancies. Pneumonitis has been described as complication of such therapy. Granulomatous inflammation has been only rarely report...

GMF: granulomatous mycosis fungoides INF-a: interferon alfa MF: mycosis fungoides TCR: T-cell receptor G ranulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) is an unusual histologic subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The diagnosis of GMF is usually established after observation of a granulomatous inflammatory reaction associated with a malignant lymphoid infiltrate. Epidermotropism, a clue to diagnosis in ...

The Mitsuda reaction, a delayed granulomatous skin reaction elicited by the intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium leprae, is an in vivo test reflecting the ability to generate an immune granuloma after sensitization by diverse mycobacterial infections. Accumulating evidence for the genetic control of the Mitsuda reaction has been reported. We performed a genomewide linkage scan for...

A 66-year-old female patient was admitted to a general surgery polyclinic with abdominal pain. She was treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) 28 years ago. On performing a physical examination, right upper quadrant tenderness was detected. Laboratory parameters were unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography (USG) findings were compatible with cholelithiasis and wall thickening of a hepatic flexu...

BACKGROUND Granulomatous and fibrosing inflammation in response to parasite eggs is the main pathology that occurs during infection with Schistosoma spp. CD4+ T cells play critical roles in both host immune responses against parasitic infection and immunopathology in schistosomiasis,and coordinate many types of immune cells that contribute to fibrosis. ICOSL plays an important role in controlli...

In patients with malignancy, the common etiologies of granuloma formation are tumor related sarcoid reaction, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and other granulomatous diseases. Often, the finding of granulomas in malignant patients may obscure the primary malignancy or may mislead towards treatment of infectious and other etiologies. Hence, their proper recognition and necessary follow up is needed to...