Background During fluid challenge, volume expansion (VE)-induced increase in cardiac output (Δ VE CO) is seldom measured. Methods In patients with shock undergoing strictly controlled mechanical ventilation and receiving VE, we assessed minimally invasive surrogates for Δ VE CO (by transthoracic echocardiography): fluid-induced increases in end-tidal carbon dioxide (Δ VE E'CO2 ); pulse (Δ VE ...

Say that κ’s measurability is destructible if there exists a <κ-closed forcing adding a new subset of κ which destroys κ’s measurability. For any δ, let λδ =df The least beth fixed point above δ. Suppose that κ is indestructibly supercompact and there is a measurable cardinal λ > κ. It then follows that A1 = {δ < κ | δ is measurable, δ is not a limit of measurable cardinals, δ is not δ+ strongl...

2 ∥∥∥(x∗ − x̃) + σ n z̃− δ∥∥2l2 s.t. δ ∈ C − x̃. Letting R1 and R2 denote orthogonal subspaces that contain Q1 and Q2, i.e., Q1 ⊆ R1 and Q2 ⊆ R2, and letting δ = PR1(δ), δ (2) = PR2(δ), δ̂ (1) n (C) = PR1(δ̂n(C)), δ̂ (2) n (C) = PR2(δ̂n(C)) denote the projections of δ, δ̂n(C) onto R1, R2, we can rewrite the above reformulated optimization problem as: [ δ̂ (1) n (C), δ̂ (2) n (C) ] = arg min δ∈Q1,δ∈Q2 1 2...

This paper investigates the principles ta λ,δ, weakenings of λ which allow δ many clubs at each level but require them to agree on a tail-end. First, we prove that ta λ,<ω implies λ. Then, by forcing from a model with a measurable cardinal, we show that λ,2 does not imply ta λ,δ for regular λ, and ta δ+,δ does not imply δ+,<δ. With a supercompact cardinal the former result can be extended to si...

An independent dominating set of a graph, also known as maximal set, is S pairwise non-adjacent vertices such that every vertex not in adjacent to some S. We prove for Δ=4 or Δ≥6, connected n-vertex graph maximum degree at most Δ has an size (1−Δ⌊Δ2/4⌋+Δ)(n−1)+1. In addition, we characterize all graphs having the equality and show other have (1−Δ⌊Δ2/4⌋+Δ)n.

the composition of essential oil of leaves of the male and female shrubs of juniperus chinensis l. (growing in isfahan) was analyzed by gas choromatography(gc) and gc-mass spectrometery (ms). the main constituents of leaf oil of the male shrub were: bornyl acetate (26.1%), sabinene (18.3%), trans-sabinyl acetate (11.1%), myrcene (9.2%), limonene (6.1%), elemol (5.5%), α-cadinol (2.3%), δ-cadine...

BACKGROUND Stable-isotope ratios of carbon (¹³C/¹²C, expressed as δ¹³C) and nitrogen (¹⁵N/¹⁴N, or δ¹⁵N) have been proposed as potential nutritional biomarkers to distinguish between meat, fish, and plant-based foods. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate dietary correlates of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N and examine the association of these biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective stud...