The role of bile in manganese metabolism and homeostasis was studied in Holstein bull calves fed diets containing 32 ppm manganese (normal) (control) or 1,000 ppm supplemental manganese (high-manganese) for 2 weeks before and 1 week after intravenous (IV) and duodenal S4Mn dosing. After dosing, all the bile was collected at 15 and 60 minutes, hourly to 12 hr and daily to 7 days. All calves were...

Sodium bicarbonate and yeast culture effects on ruminal fermentation, intake, and growth were evaluated in young calves. In trail 1, nine ruminally cannulated Holstein calves averaging 12 wk of age were fed control starter (17% CP) or starters containing 3% sodium bicarbonate or .2% yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture in a 3 x 3 Latin square. Calves were fed for ad libitum consumption for ...

This study compared the immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone (DEX), flunixin meglumine (FLU) and meloxicam (MEL) on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of seven healthy Holstein calves in vitro. DEX significantly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and expression of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 messenger RNA (mRNA) in comparison with FLU and MEL. FLU and MEL d...

Demodicosis in cattle is caused by a microscopic mite, Demodex bovis. The parasites live sometimes in large numbers in the hair follicles and associated skin glands. The disease is well described and quite common in tropical zones, but rare and most likely underestimated in temperate regions, especially in Europe (Fisher, 1973; Matthes, 1994). Demodectic mange in cattle is known to be usually a...

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a supplemental bovine serum protein blend fed to calves challenged with virulent coronavirus. Twelve Holstein bull calves (approximately 3 wk of age) were allocated by initial body weight to Control (n = 5) and treated (n = 7) groups. On d 0, all calves were orally challenged with 1 x 10(7) plaque-forming units of v...

A mating plan was designed to test the genetic hypothesis that atresia coli is inherited as an autosomal recessive at a single locus with two alleles. Matings between 8 putative carrier sires and 56 putative carrier dams resulted in 59 normal and 8 atresia coli calves, which was not different from the expected number of 8.1 affected calves. One case of atresia coli was observed among 628 calves...

This case report contains clinical and pathologic features of a degenerative myelopathy in Holstein X Gir crossbred calves in Brazil. The bilateral and symmetrical spinal cord white matter lesions were interpreted as a primary axonopathy that may be of the dying-back type.

A mating pIan was designed to test the genetic hypothesis that atresia coli is inherited as an autosomal recessive at a single locus with two alleles. Matings between 8 putative carrier sires and 56 putative carrier dams resulted in 59 normal and 8 atresia coli calves, which was not different from the expected number of 8.1 affected calves. One case of atresia coli was observed among 628 calves...

The serum proteinograms of 10 female Holstein calves fed milk either through conventional (COV) or step-down (STP) milk feeding methods at different ages were evaluated. Calves fed using the COV method were fed colostrum during the first 24 hours that they stayed with their respective mothers and received transition milk for another 2 days and later, and then milk at four liters/day for 59 days...