Quantitative multilevel research has advanced organizational science, but is limited because the focus is incomplete. Most research examines top-down, contextual, cross-level relationships. Emergent phenomena – those that manifest bottom-up from the psychological characteristics, processes, and interactions among individuals – have been largely neglected. Emergence is theoretically assumed, exa...

Social interaction is pivotal to the formation of social relationships and groups. Much is known about the importance of interaction content (e.g., the transfer of information). The present review concentrates on the influence of the act of conversing on the emergence of a sense of solidarity, more or less independently of the content. Micro-characteristics of the conversation (e.g., brief sile...