in the past, disease diagnosis was based on symptoms that might be indicative of several diseases. nowadays, diagnosis of some diseases has become more accurate because we are able to test for genes known to be associated with the disease. this method not only clearly identifies the presence of a particular disease; it can also precisely determine the subtype of the disease. throughout history,...

objectives: complementary and alternative medicine methods (cam) are now used for a wide range of disorders. craniosacral therapy (cst) is one of cam methods in which manual maneuvers with light forces are used for different aspects of health. in the present research, the effects of cst were studied for reducing symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (adhd). methods: twenty-fo...

traditional medicines, according to the world health organization, are defined as “the sum total of the knowledge, skill, and practices based on the beliefs, theories, and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are based and developed historically. due to the increasing uses of traditional medicines worldwide, it seems that cognition of their principles and foundations are necessary....

complementary and alternative medicine (cam) is widely used by patients worldwide. financial factors may influence the decision to use cam. national health systems are requested to consider cam in their health plans.

knowledge of surgery is one of the milestones in islamic civilization. the purpose of this study was to find principles and proven techniques used by muslim surgeons, third to twelfth century ah. the present study, enjoying a historical approach, used a descriptive analysis method with matching samples. the findings of the study revealed that, during this period, some of the principles and tech...

background wart is a skin disease with circular appendages, which is called “suloul” in iranian traditional medicine (itm). according to itm literature, warts have different types and causes. the most important mechanism is excretion of materials (khelt) from body to skin and mucus; its causative material is often phlegm, black bile or a combination of them. to treat warts, it is necessary to c...

background: this study was done to assess the use of traditional/complementary and alternative medicine (tm/cam) during pregnancy and the reasons behind it from the mother’s perspective. materials and methods: in a cross-sectional study, 919 pregnant mothers attending at prenatal care units of governmental health centers recruited through a multistage sampling and completed a self-report questi...

herbal medicines include a range of pharmacologically active compounds: in some cases it is not well understood which ingredients are important for a therapeutic effect. the supporters of herbal medicine believe that isolated ingredients in the majority of cases have weaker clinical effects than whole plant extract, a claim that would obviously require proof in each case. generalizations about ...

background: hand eczema (he) is a dermatological disorder with frequent relapses and multiple causes such as atopic, allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. the management is complex because of the wide range of different pathogenesis. efficacy of some of available treatments is not well established and it can affect patients’ quality of life significantly. methods: reports on he such as diag...