Aflatoxins are potent mycotoxins that cause developmental and immune system suppression, cancer, and death. As a result of regulations intended to reduce human exposure, crop contamination with aflatoxins causes significant economic loss for producers, marketers, and processors of diverse susceptible crops. Aflatoxin contamination occurs when specific fungi in the genus Aspergillus infect crops...

Understanding the interplay between climate and land-use dynamics is a fundamental concern for assessing the vulnerability of Amazonia to climate change. In this study, we analyse satellite-derived monthly and annual time series of rainfall, fires and deforestation to explicitly quantify the seasonal patterns and relationships between these three variables, with a particular focus on the Amazon...

The number of pig breeding programs has reduced in recent years. This leads to a small number of pig breeding companies producing pigs for many different environments. Therefore, pig breeding programs have to breed pigs capable of facing heat stress challenges during their productive life. Management practices such as cooling offer one option to reduce heat stress and warrant performance during...

The Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East (EMME) are likely to be greatly affected by climate change, associated with increases in the frequency and intensity of droughts and hot weather conditions. Since the region is diverse and extreme climate conditions already common, the impacts will be disproportional. We have analyzed long-term meteorological datasets along with regional climate mod...

introduction climate affects, more than any other factors, the type and form of human life, so that many cities that have made or developed regardless of climatic information are suffering from weather-related problems such as air pollution, water supply and flooding etc. by using the meteorological information in designing new cities as well as developing old cities can reduce the mentioned pr...

Higher temperatures increase the moisture-holding capacity of the atmosphere and can lead to greater atmospheric demand for evapotranspiration, especially during warmer seasons of the year. Increases in precipitation or atmospheric humidity ameliorate this enhanced demand, whereas decreases exacerbate it. In the southwestern United States (Southwest), this means the greatest changes in evapotra...

Effects of climate change on species occupying distinct areas during their life cycle are still unclear. Moreover, although effects of climate change have widely been studied at the species level, less is known about community responses. Here, we test whether and how the composition of wader (Charadrii) assemblages, breeding in high latitude and wintering from Europe to Africa, is affected by c...

considering high population and hot and arid climate in most cities in iran, creating optimum thermal comfort during the hot periods is necessary. an experiment was conducted to examine the effect of percentage vegetation and hard surfaces on changes of temperature, humidity and thermal comfort of in three urban sites and mashhad weather station was investigated. climate and recorded data from ...

isfahan province is located in central of iran. it has different climate conditions including arid in the east, central and north of the province, mediterranean climate to humid in the west and southern part. generally, this province has a hot and dry climate in summer and cold in winter.this province has natural and cultural attractions, it has a high potential in attracting visitors. but this...

Heat stress is an effective factor on immune responses, body weight, egg production and egg quality of chickens. The major effect of heat stress is due to decreased food intake and alteration in acid-base balance. During the recent years, efforts to improve laying performance at high temperatures have been relatively successful. Supplementation of the diet or drinking water with special nutrien...