A steel has recently been designed to benefit from the deformation induced transformation of retained austenite present in association with bainitic ferrite. It has as its major microstructural component, dendrites of d-ferrite introduced during solidification. The d-ferrite replaces the allotriomorphic ferrite present in conventional alloys of this kind. The authors examine here the stability ...

Manufacturers of rolled materials are always striving to reduce the costs associated with production—be they time, material, or waste. This is especially true with the manufacture of nextgeneration particle-reinforced materials, such as those used in high-value automotive components. Process variables such as temperahire, roller speed, and plate dimensions, among others, all affect strength, du...

Strength and toughness are a couple of paradox as similar as strength-ductility trade-off in homogenous materials, body-centered-cubic steels in particular. Here we report a simple way to get ultrahigh toughness without sacrificing strength. By simple alloying design and hot rolling the 5Mn3Al steels in ferrite/austenite dual phase temperature region, we obtain a series of ferrite/martensite la...

final step of rail manufacturing is cold rolling straightening process and it hassignificant effects on mechanical properties, straightness, flatness and development of residualstresses. measurement of residual stresses after straightening process is obligated by railmanufacturing standards. in the present investigation, an attempt has been made to evaluateresidual stresses after straightening ...

the full annealing aa6061 aluminum alloy was subjected to severe plastic deformationvia the combination of equal channel angular pressing (ecap) and cold rolling (cr) in order torefine its microstructure and to improve its mechanical properties. according to the results of hotand cold tensile tests, the combination of ecap and cr significantly affected the final strengthand ductility of studied...

-In this paper a Lagrangean decomposition technique for solving the scheduling problem for Hot Charged Rolling (HCR) in the continuous casting process which involves sequencing and grouping. This Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is proposed that incorporate two sets of constraints into the objective function after applying the variable splitting technique. The relaxed problem has a special struc...