In Germany, the Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK Commission) generally sets maximum workplace concentration values (i.e., a proposed occupational exposure level [OEL]) for single substances, not for mixtures. For mixtures containing substances with a genotoxic and carcinogenic potential, the commission considered it scientifically in...

Inside living cells are complex mixtures of thousands of components. It is hopeless to try to characterize all the individual interactions in these mixtures. Thus, we develop a statistical approach to approximating them, and examine the conditions under which the mixtures phase separate. The approach approximates the matrix of second-virial coefficients of the mixture by a random matrix, and de...

Workers and fence-line communities have been the first to benefit from the substantial reductions in toxic chemical use and byproducts in industrial production resulting from the Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA). As TURA motivates reformulation of products as well as retooling of production processes, benefits could extend more broadly to large-scale reductions in everyday exposure...

Commonly available, nonconventional energetic materials such as H2O2, ammonium nitrates (AN), as well as reactive materials (e.g., mixtures of metals and metal oxides), and conventional plastic explosives primarily made of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), and triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), are often materials u...

NUTC R321 Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s), who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of The main objective of this research was to develop ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as a reliable, economic, low carbon foot print and durable concrete overlay materia...

Several very serious accidents in laboratories have resulted from the use of flammable liquids, such as volatile petroleum distillates, or toluene, to form the bath of a cryostat. In some instances explosions have occurred, and burning liquid has been thrown upon the operator. The purpose of the investigation has been to find liquids that will not burn, that have very low freezing points, and t...

Solutions of maltodextrins (MD) with the dextrose equivalent (D.E.) 9-12 and D.E. 23-27 were mixed with lactose solutions at different ratios. Freeze-dried amorphous solids of lactose and lactose-MD were prepared from solutions containing 20% total solids. The ratios of lactose and MD were 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30 (w/w). Crystallization rate of amorphous lactose was followed from changes in wate...

Introduction: Shock processes in heterogeneous materials is a challenging aspect of impact cratering studies. Understanding the equipartition of energy in shocked mixtures of widely varying impedence is necessary to predict a wide range of phenomena, including phase changes, post-shock temperatures, and chemical reactions. Here, we present the results from shock py-rometry experiments on a mixt...

in this work, artificial neural network (ann) has been employed to propose a practical model forpredicting the surface tension of multi-component mixtures. in order to develop a reliable modelbased on the ann, a comprehensive experimental data set including 15 ternary liquid mixtures atdifferent temperatures was employed. these systems consist of 777 data points generally containinghydrocarbon ...