In July 1982, the occurrence of three cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in men with haemophilia was an immediate signal to Oscar Ratnoff that AIDS was transmissible through blood products. Work that he led provided important and clear indication that the AIDS agent was transmissible through pooled plasma products and had rapidly infected many men who had haemophilia. Before the...

Both α- and β-defensins have anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. These defensins achieve human immunodeficiency virus inhibition through a variety of mechanisms, including direct binding with virions, binding to and modulation of host cell-surface receptors with disruption of intracellular signaling, and functioning as chemokines or cytokines to augment and alter adaptive immune respons...

Exfoliative and aspiration cytologies play a major role in the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Common cytology samples include cervicovaginal and anal Papanicolaou tests, fine needle aspirations, respiratory specimens, body fluids, Tzanck preparations, and touch preparations from brain specimens. While the cytopathologists need to be aware of specific infecti...

results the mean age of children was 6.5 ± 4.2 years. the frequency of positive results for hbsag, anti-hbs and anti-hcv in all age groups were 12 (3.6%), 47 (14.2%) and 2 (0.6%), respectively. anti-hiv was not detected in any of the children's serum samples. the frequency of positive results for hbsag was significantly higher in children older than six years than in other age groups. conclusio...

INTRODUCTION Disorders of the auditory and vestibular system are often associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. However, the extent and nature of these vestibular manifestations are unclear. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the current peer-reviewed literature on vestibular manifestations and pathology related to human immunodeficiency v...

Many people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) every year. Due to the unique properties of this virus, no effective vaccine has been approved prevent virus. HIV is transmitted a healthy person in various ways, such as sex, using an syringe, etc. So far, ways have proposed spread however, number continues increase Various factors play role process disease transmission.

Garrido N, Meseguer M, Bellver J, Remohi J, Simon C and Pellicer A (2004) Report of the results of a 2 year programme of sperm wash and ICSI treatment for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus serodiscordant couples. Hum Reprod 19,2581–2586. Mencaglia L, Falcone P, Lentini GM, Consigli S, Pisoni M, Lofiego V, Guidetti R, Piomboni P and De Leo V (2005) ICSI for treatment of human im...

Homeless people are usually prone to be infected with multiple infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, as well as syphilis. In this cross-sectional study, using a questionnaire and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, we evaluated the seroprevalance of hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, and syphilis, as well as thei...

Background and Aims: Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Human Herpesvirus (HHV)-8 could cause significant illness as opportunistic infections. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of EBV and HHV-8 in saliva specimens obtained from HIV-1 infected Iranian individuals under the Highly Active Antiviral Therapy (HAAR...

b a c k g r o u n d & aim: quality-of-life (qol) among human immunodeficiency  virus (hiv)-infected people  has  been  the  center  of  focus  worldwide.  the  world  health  organization  qol  group (whoqol  group)  has developed  a 31-item qol questionnaire,  which  has been  translated  and used in many countries. this paper aimed at examining the reliability and validity of persian version ...