OBJECTIVE To examine whether transfer from animal insulin to human insulin is associated with an increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia. DESIGN Matched case-control study of insulin treated diabetic patients admitted to hospital because of hypoglycaemia during 1984-7, the period when human insulin was introduced into treatment. SETTING Case admissions and control admissions were obtained fr...

tissue nutrient supply may be synchronized with endogenous physiological rhythms to optimize animal and human health. glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have endogenous rhythms that are not essentially dependent on food type and eating. human glucose tolerance declines as day comes into night. based on such evolutionary findings, large evening meals must be avoided to reduce risks of vis...

BACKGROUND Exact analysis of equine insulin in blood samples is the key element for assessing insulin resistance or insulin dysregulation in horses. However, previous studies indicated marked differences in insulin concentrations obtained from sample analyses with different immunoassays. Most assays used in veterinary medicine are originally designed for use in human diagnostics and are based o...

The blood glucose control obtained when using semi-synthetic monocomponent human insulin (insulin A) was compared with that using standard monocomponent porcine insulin (insulin B) in 14 children in a double blind crossover study. At the start of the study age, duration of diabetes, insulin dose, and daily carbohydrate intake were the same in both groups. After a one month run in period of stan...

Studies in transgenic animals, rodent insulin-secreting cell lines and rodent islets suggest that insulin acts in an autocrine manner to regulate beta-cell mass and gene expression. Very little is known about the in vitro roles played by insulin in human islets, and the regulatory role of insulin in protecting against beta-cell apoptosis. We have identified mRNAs encoding IRs (insulin receptors...

NEW DRUG APPROVALS Inhaled Insulin Afrezza For Diabetes The FDA has approved a rapid-acting inhaled insulin to improve glycemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus. Insulin human inhalation powder (Afrezza, MannKind Corporation) is administered at the beginning of each meal. The product’s safety and effectiveness were evaluated in 3,017 participants—1,026 with type-1 diabetes and 1,991 wit...

We have used transgenic mice to study immune tolerance to autologous, non-MHC encoded proteins that are expressed at physiological levels in the circulation. The transgenic mice used in these studies express the human preproinsulin gene and synthesize human proinsulin. Human and mouse insulin are secreted from the pancreatic islets of transgenic mice in response to normal physiological stimuli,...

Recently, evidence has been reported to suggest that human platelets like several other circulating blood cells may bind insulin. To examine whether human platelets contain specific insulin receptors, washed human platelets suspended in Hepes buffer were incubated at 24 degrees C with 125I-insulin in the presence and absence of unlabeled insulin and specific insulin binding was determined. Insu...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare quality of life (QoL) and treatment satisfaction using insulin glargine plus insulin lispro with that using NPH insulin plus unmodified human insulin in adults with type 1 diabetes managed with multiple injection regimens. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS As part of a 32-week, five-center, two-way crossover study in 56 individuals with type 1 diab...

OBJECTIVE In the treatment of diabetic patients, the long-acting insulin analog insulin detemir is less prone to induce weight gain than other insulin formulations. Assuming that because of its pharmacologic properties, detemir displays stronger central nervous anorexigenic efficacy than human insulin, we compared acute effects of human insulin and detemir on electroencephalography (EEG) measur...