Concerns about animal welfare increasingly shape people's views about the acceptability of keeping animals for food production, biomedical research, and in zoos. The field of animal welfare science has developed over the past 50 years as a method of investigating these concerns via research that assesses how living in human-controlled environments influences the behavior, health and affective s...

Animal welfare in relation to human food choices is growing attention modern societies. The “Five Freedoms” framework (i.e., freedom from hunger and thirst, discomfort, pain, injury disease, express normal behavior fear distress) proposed 1965 within the Brambell Report established by UK Farm Welfare Council 1979 (Farm Council, 2009) has been adopted multiple governments nongovernmental institu...

Looking back into the history of welfare facilities for employees in an organization, they have always and will keep playing a pivotal role in enhancing employee morale. The welfare schemes in every organization facilitate impetus for employee and employer relations. Employees’ welfare is inherent core component, as they act as life blood for achieving the objectives of an organization. The mai...

In this study we test the hypothesis that stringent state welfare policies promote adolescents’ enrollment and reduce their employment. The underlying mechanisms operate in the larger society, the local labor market and the family, particularly for adolescents from low-income families. We use static and dynamic models and separate out welfare policies from non-welfare state policies, youth-spec...

Fish welfare issues are increasingly appearing on social and political agendas and have recently gained prominence in fisheries literature. By focusing on examples from recreational fishing, this paper challenges some of the previous accounts of fish welfare. Issues of concern encompass: (1) the feelings-based approach to fish welfare; (2) the artificial divide between human beings and nature; ...

the goal of human development as can be understood by concept is to benefit every person in his / her life. it means improvement in living quality & standards. while the extension of employment and increasing of income are necessary , they are not the goals of development, but means to extend human development. the goal of development is to grow and extend of human abilities. human development ...