One of the main challenges in optical hydrogen sensing is the stability of the sensor material. We found and studied an optimized material combination for fast and reliable optical palladium-based hydrogen sensing devices. It consists of a palladium-nickel alloy that is buffered by calcium fluoride and capped with a very thin layer of platinum. Our system shows response times below 10 s and alm...

Hydrogen-related defects play crucial roles in determining physical properties of their host oxides. In this work, we report our systematic experimental and theoretical (based on density functional theory) studies of the defect states formed in hydrogenated-rutile TiO2 in gaseous H2 and atomic H. In gas-hydrogenated TiO2, the incorporated hydrogen tends to occupy the oxygen vacancy site and neg...

In the paper the future of hydrogen infrastructure for fuel cell vehicles in China is discussed. It is believed that, China should make di2erent plans of hydrogen infrastructure during di2erent periods and in di2erent regions. Besides, a case of application in Beijing is studied to 3nd the best plan for Beijing to develop hydrogen infrastructure in 2008 when Olympic Games will be held. In the s...

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are one promising vehicle technology for reducing the long-term environmental and energy-use impacts of personal vehicle use. Depending on how the hydrogen is produced, these vehicles can have very low emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases while also avoiding the use of petroleum. This paper reports the findings of real-world research conducted by the Univ...

Hydrogen is one of the main energy carriers playing a prominent role in future decarbonization economy. However, several aspects regarding transport and storage this gas are challenging. The intermediary conversion hydrogen into high-density molecules may be crucial step until technological conditions ready to attain significant reduction fossil fuel use industrial sector. process transforming ...

The world has a voracious appetite for energy. Abundant, inexpensive resources have fueled technological advances from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Continued growth will require a continued supply of inexpensive energy that is not sustainable with current resources. In addition, concerns about greenhouse-gas emissions from fossil-fuel sources are generating a new set of technologic...

A feasible way to avoid the risk of energy decline and combat climate change is to build a 100% renewable global energy mix. However, a globally electrified economy cannot grow much above 12 electric terawatts without putting pressure on the limits of finite mineral reserves. Here we analyze whether 12 TW of electricity and 1 TW of biomass (final) power will be able to fuel a future post-carbon...

The need for sustainable catalysts for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction is of significant interest for modern society. Inspired by comparable structural properties of [FeNi]-hydrogenase, here we present the natural ore pentlandite (Fe4.5Ni4.5S8) as a direct 'rock' electrode material for hydrogen evolution under acidic conditions with an overpotential of 280 mV at 10 mA cm(-2). Furthermo...