Methane is the primary end product from cathodic current in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) in the absence of methanogenic inhibitors, but little is known about the archaeal communities that develop in these systems. MECs containing cathodes made from different materials (carbon brushes, or plain graphite blocks or blocks coated with carbon black and platinum, stainless steel, nickel, ferri...

We present first results of three-dimensional (3D-) calculations of turbulent and degenerate hydrogen-burning on top of a C+O white dwarf of 1.0 M . The simulations are carried out by means of a code which solves Euler’s equation for an arbitrary equation of state together with a nuclear reaction network and the energy input from nuclear reactions on a Cartesian grid covering a fraction of the ...

Libraries of 16S rRNA genes cloned from methanogenic oil degrading microcosms amended with North Sea crude oil and inoculated with estuarine sediment indicated that bacteria from the genera Smithella (Deltaproteobacteria, Syntrophaceace) and Marinobacter sp. (Gammaproteobacteria) were enriched during degradation. Growth yields and doubling times (36 days for both Smithella and Marinobacter) wer...

To evaluate the efficacy of bioimmobilization of Cr(VI) in groundwater at the Department of Energy Hanford site, we conducted a series of microcosm experiments using a range of commercial electron donors with varying degrees of lactate polymerization (polylactate). These experiments were conducted using Hanford Formation sediments (coarse sand and gravel) immersed in Hanford groundwater, which ...

It is well established that some starches are resistant to human digestive enzymes and enter the large intestine where they may be fermented by the colonic bacterial flora to short chain fatty acids and gases (C02~ H2, C h ) [I]. It is difficult to measure the digestibility and fermentability of starch foods in vivo, in normal man, and most studies have been performed with ileostomy patients or...

PURPOSE Despite the significant interest in molecular hydrogen as an antioxidant in the last eight years, its quantitative metabolic parameters in vivo are still lacking, as is an appropriate method for determination of hydrogen effectivity in the mammalian organism under various conditions. BASIC PROCEDURES Intraperitoneally-applied deuterium gas was used as a metabolic tracer and deuterium ...

The First Stars in the Universe form out of pristine primordial gas clouds that have been radiatively cooled to a few hundreds of degrees Kelvin either via molecular or atomic (Lyman-α) hydrogen lines. This primordial mode of star formation is eventually quenched once radiative and/or chemical (metal enrichment) feedbacks mark the transition to Population II stars. In this paper we present a mo...

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of intake air pre-heating, exhaust gas re-circulation, and hydrogen enrichment on performance, combustion, emission characteristics CH4/waste cooking oil biodiesel fuelled compression ignition engine in dual fuel mode. Methyl ester derived from waste used as a pilot which directly injected into combustion chamber at end stroke. The...

Development of marine engines could largely benefit from the broader usage methanol and hydrogen which are both potential energy carriers. Here, numerical results presented on tri-fuel (TF) ignition using large-eddy simulation (LES) finite-rate chemistry. Zero-dimensional (0D) three-dimensional (3D) simulations for n-dodecane spray methanol/hydrogen blends performed. 0D reveal beneficial role a...