according to recent studies, about 60 percent of surface waters and 57 percent ground waters are located in snowy zones in iran. in most areas of northern hemisphere and alpine environment areas, snow melt lead to the maximum instantaneous flow rate and is an important part of annual discharge. the present study investigated the effect of snowmelt on the surface waters and ground waters in baha...

The Sor and Gebba watershed has undergone several natural anthropogenic changes, as evidenced by the physical alterations artificial mismanagement of water resources in watershed. These situations alter underground storage aquifer contribution to streams. Thus, understanding baseflow enables us identify groundwater system potential dynamicity. main objective this research is estimate using hydr...

[1] The O/O ratio of snowmelt from a seasonal snowpack typically increases with time as the melting process progresses. This temporal evolution is caused by isotopic exchange between liquid and ice as meltwater percolates down the snow column. Consequently, hydrograph separations of spring runoff using the bulk snow composition as the new water end-member will be erroneous. Accurate determinati...

It is often assumed that stable water isotopes (dD and d18O) provide redundant information for a given sample of water. In this note we illustrate that the choice of isotope used may influence the resultant hydrograph separation. This is especially true in light of the spatial and temporal variability in the isotopic composition of rainfall water at the catchment scale. We present several possi...

By analysing the hydrographs of karst springs it is possible to identify aquifer characteristics and, accordingly, the main features of a karst rock-fissure massif. Consequently, relevant data can be obtained by analysing hydrograph recession curves. This paper presents a detailed analysis and explanation of numerous cases of break points on recession curves via various values of the recession ...

Denitrification bioreactors for nitrate removal in agricultural drainage have recently gained attention for their low cost and effectiveness. While research continues to investigate the optimal sizing of these systems, little work has been done on the optimal design geometry (Length to width ratio and cross sectional shape). To address this lack, pilot-scale (1/10th scale) work performed in Iow...