PURPOSE To determine specific retinal precursor lesions and sequence of events preceding the onset of geographic atrophy (GA) in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN Retrospective review. PARTICIPANTS All participants in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) at 2 clinical centers (Devers Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, and University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin...

Skin color has always been important and interest to people in all cultures. Disorders of skin color, either hyperor hypopigmentation are cosmetically vexing and can be signs of systemic disease. For many centuries physicians have tried to treat such disorders. We review some of the history of treatments for hyperpigmentation and the development of hydroquinone, currently the medication of choi...

Chemical Leukoderma is a rare phenomenon in our local Singapore population. The simultaneous occurrence of both hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation in our patient, which represents development of Chemical Leukoderma (melanocytic inhibitory reaction) and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (melanocytic stimulatory reaction) respectively, is presumptively even rarer. Plausible underlying pathop...

BACKGROUND Pigmentary mosaicism is a term that describes varied patterns of pigmentation in the skin caused by genetic heterogeneity of the skin cells. In a substantial number of cases, pigmentary mosaicism is observed alongside extracutaneous abnormalities typically involving the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system. We have compiled information on previous cases of pigmentary...

J Balaji and P Amutha Rajeshwari, Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Government Rajaji Hospital and Madurai Medical College, Madurai. Tamil Nadu, India. [email protected] FIG.1 A child with Hypomelanosis of Ito showing multiple whorled like hypopigmented lesions present over abdomen, chest and back. FIG.2 Fundus showing pale disc, tortous vessels around the disc, radial patchy ...

Epidermolysis Bullosa Puriginosa is a genetic mechanobullous disease characterized by pruritus, lichenified or nodular prurigo-like lesions, occasional trauma-induced blistering, excoriations, milia, nail dystrophy and albopapuloid lesions that appear at birth or later. Scarring and prurigo are most prominent on the shins. Herein, we report a case with a history of blisters since childhood foll...