Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent for KS tumors, multicentric Castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphomas. Like other herpesvirus capsids, the KSHV capsid is an icosahedral structure composed of six proteins. The capsid shell is made up of the major capsid protein, two triplex proteins, and the small capsid protein. The scaffold protein and the protea...

The papillomavirus capsid is a nonenveloped icosahedral shell formed by the viral major structural protein, L1. It is known that disulfide bonds between neighboring L1 molecules help to stabilize the capsid. However, the kinetics of inter-L1 disulfide bond formation during particle morphogenesis have not previously been examined. We have recently described a system for producing high-titer papi...

Viral capsid proteins assemble into large, symmetrical architectures that are not found in complexes formed by their cellular counterparts. Given the prevalence of the signature jelly-roll topology in viral capsid proteins, we are interested in whether these functionally unique capsid proteins are also structurally unique in terms of folds. To explore this question, we applied a structure-align...

turnip curly top virus (tctv) is a member of the newly established genus turncurtovirus, family geminiviridae. development of an efficient detection system is necessary to study the biological characteristics of viruses. due to the superior efficacy of the serological methods for detection of plant viruses, in this research, with the aim to facilitate the process of immunological detection of t...

The structure of the capsid of bacteriophage HK97 has been solved at various stages of maturity by crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, and has been reported previously in the literature. Typically the capsid assembles through polymerization and maturation processes. Maturation is composed of proteolytic cleavages to the precursor capsid (called Prohead II), expansion triggered by DNA ...

Based on the specificity of subgroup antigens and serotype antigens which are situated, respectively, in the major inner and outer capsid polypeptides, a new nomenclature for human rotaviruses is proposed. The subgroups are designated as I and II, and the serotypes as 1, 2, 3, 4.

Dissolution of many plant viruses is thought to start with swelling of the capsid caused by calcium removal following infection, but no high-resolution structures of swollen capsids exist. Here we have used microsecond all-atom molecular simulations to describe the dynamics of the capsid of satellite tobacco necrosis virus with and without the 92 structural calcium ions. The capsid expanded 2.5...

Rotavirus antisera with and without neutralizing activity to calf rotavirus were compared for their ability to agglutinate calf rotavirus particles with and without an outer capsid layer. Particles without the outer capsid layer were agglutinated by antisera with immunofluorescent antibody activity and by antisera with immunofluorescent antibody and neutralizing activity. Particles with the out...

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) causes sporadic but often severe cases of human and equine neurological disease in North America. To determine how EEEV may evade innate immune responses, we screened individual EEEV proteins for the ability to rescue the growth of a Newcastle disease virus expressing green fluorescent protein (NDV-GFP) from the antiviral effects of interferon (IFN). Onl...

This paper presents evidence that Thosea asigna virus (TaV) has a unique capsid expression strategy and is a member of the Nudaurelia beta-like genus of the Tetraviridae. Electron microscopy of TaV particles indicated a 38 nm, T = 4 icosahedral capsid similar in structure to that of Nudaurelia beta virus (NbetaV). TaV particles have a buoyant density of 1.296 g/cm3 in CsCl and consist of two ca...