background: trichomonas vaginalis , the causative agent of trichomoniasis, is responsible for more than half of all sexually transmitted infections (stis). the present study aimed to deter­mine the frequency of t. vaginalis infection and its clinical manifestations in sympto­matic pregnant women in the area based on four different diagnostic methods. methods: a total of 162 pregnant women with ...

background: exposure to respirable particulate matter containing silica in the working environment can lead to respiratory diseases and other health hazards. the current study was designed to estimate the prevalence of lung diseases and their determining factors in the stone carvers of kerman, iran.   materials and methods: this was a cross-sectional study in which 67 male workers exposed to st...

ARIS is an iconic interface that enables users to relocate applications and redirect input in an interactive workspace. We compared the use of ARIS to a text-based and virtual paths (VP) interface for relocating applications and redirecting input. Results showed that the iconic interface was more effective than the text-based interface and almost as effective as the VP interface. Since the use ...

welding is one of the key components of numerous manufacturing industries, which has potential physical and chemical health hazards. many components of welding fumes can potentially affect the lung function. this study investigates the effects of welding fumes on lung function and respiratory symptoms among welders of an automobile manufacturing plant in iran. this historical cohort study asses...

Stereotypical (e.g., large lips, broad nose), versus non-stereotypical, Black faces are more closely linked with Black stereotypes. Past research has suggested that participants are more likely to associate faces exhibiting strong stereotypical versus non-stereotypical features with a negative African American stereotype (i.e., has failed several classes, had been involved in fights on the bask...

This exploratory study examines the impact of iconic graphics on the domain understanding developed by participants when reading entityrelationship diagrams (ERDs). Cognitive Load Theory and the related Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning are used to hypothesize that iconic graphics provide additional visual information resulting in more complete mental models for knowledge construction of ...

Stereotypical reasoning assumes that the situation at hand is one of a kind and that it enjoys the properties generally associated with that kind of situation. It is one of the most basic forms of nonmonotonic reasoning. A formal model for stereotypical reasoning is proposed and the logical properties of this form of reasoning are studied. Stereotypical reasoning is shown to be cumulative under...

Most of the time, humans use texts to exchange information and more recently they can add iconic faces (or smiley) to introduce emotional content. What emotions can be conveyed by iconic faces? To understand better this question we conducted an experimentation in which we asked participants to interpret a set of iconic faces by selecting an emotion in a proposed list of faces. Results indicated...

Stereotypes may influence the attitudes that individuals have towards others. Stereotypes, therefore, represent biases toward and against others. In this paper, we formalise stereotypical bias within trust evaluations. Then, using the iterated prisoners’ dilemma game, we quantitatively analyse how cooperation and mutual trust between self-interested agents are affected by stereotypical bias. We...