PURPOSE To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of iatrogenic retinal breaks in 20-gauge macular surgery with an intensified search strategy. DESIGN Retrospective, non-comparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS 218 consecutive operations in 209 patients who underwent 20-gauge vitrectomy vitrectomy for idiopathic macular pucker or idiopathic macular hole. METHODS Retrospect...

Idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) typically affects middle-aged males. To date, only one case of idiopathic CSC in a prepubertal subject has been reported. Atypical idiopathic CSC presentation may be challenging to diagnose. Exclusion of secondary causes of serous retinal detachment (SRD) is warranted. We describe the atypical case of a 12-year-old female with a circumscribed SR...

PURPOSE To describe an unusual case of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis syndrome associated with a positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test. METHODS This is an interventional case report. A 22-year-old man with decreased vision underwent ophthalmoscopic, angiographic, and laboratory evaluation. The left eye underwent laser therapy due to circin...

Coats disease is an idiopathic nonhereditary condition retinal vascular disorder characterized by telangiectasia with intraretinal and/ or subretinal exudation. Unilateral involvement in young males the typical presentation most cases being diagnosed first and second decade of life and, if untreated, can lead to total detachment secondary glaucoma, sometimes requiring enucleation. The common pr...

Sir, C ystoid macular oedema occurs as a frequent complication in diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, uveitis and postoperatively in cataract surgery. In general, macular oedema is most prevalent in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Ischaemia and/or inflammation may pathologically explain the development of macular oedema associated with these disorders. No effective, specific t...

Diabetic macular edema (including diabetic retinopathy in persons with macular edema) Macular edema following retinal vein occlusion (RVO) Neovascular (wet) AMD Neovascular glaucoma Pseudoxanthoma elasticum Rare causes of choroidal neovascularization (angioid streaks, choroiditis [including choroiditis secondary to ocular histoplasmosis], idiopathic degenerative myopia, retinal dystrophies, rub...

A patient presented with a posterior uveitis. An inferior plaque of retinal exudation was seen. Full investigation failed to establish a cause until six weeks later, when cryptococcal meningitis developed. The patient was immunocompetent. Exudation in relation to retinal vessels is unusual in idiopathic posterior uveitis, and cryptococcosis should be considered in the differential. Diagnosis is...

Diabetic macular edema Macular edema following retinal vein occlusion (RVO) Neovascular (wet) AMD Neovascular glaucoma Pseudoxanthoma elasticum Rare causes of choroidal neovascularization (angioid streaks, choroiditis [including choroiditis secondary to ocular histoplasmosis], idiopathic degenerative myopia, retinal dystrophies, rubeosis iridis, and trauma) Retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 t...

PURPOSE To evaluate the functional changes in various morphologic types of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS All patients (n = 71) with unilateral idiopathic ERM underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, including measurements of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), SD-OCT, and...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the structural changes associated with visual acuity (VA) in patients with idiopathic macular telangiectasia (MT) type 1 using multimodal imaging modalities. METHODS A retrospective study of 14 patients with MT type 1 and of 10 eyes from 10 healthy individuals as age-matched controls was conducted. The medical records of patients who had undergone colour fundus photogra...