in islamic jurisprudence and law, right possession comes from trades such as ijara, jualla, sulh, hiba, and irth and etc. accordingly, if someone gives money to others to judge in his favor, or expects grantee to express something wrong as a right, or unlawfully prefer endower to the others, has done something wrong that is not a right reason of possession. stating the difference between bribe ...

Malaria was estimated to cause 800,000 deaths and 225 million cases worldwide in 2010. Worryingly, the first-line treatment currently relies on a single drug class called artemisinins, and there are signs that the parasite is becoming resistant to these drugs. The good news is that new technology has given us new approaches to drug discovery. New drugs generated this way are probably 10-15 year...

N-propylsalicylidene based on silica as ion exchanger (IE) was used for the separation by complexation of Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Fe3+, and UO22+ from their parent solutions. IE and its metal complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, electronic and infrared spectra, in addition to thermal analysis in atmospheric pressure. The mode of chelation and the proposed geometric str...

Graphical Abstract „A turning point in my career was former colleague at Reading, Joe Sweeney, mentioning Sam Gellman (UW-Madison) to me, which led me spending a month there on Royal Society Travel Grant and becoming obsessed with foldamers … The most important qualities of mentor are listen, not have any preconceived thoughts admit when you don't know something.“ Find out more about A. J. Andr...

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by their varied complement of organelles. One set of membrane-bound, usually spherical compartments are commonly grouped together under the term peroxisomes. Peroxisomes function in regulating the synthesis and availability of many diverse lipids by harnessing the power of oxidative reactions and contribute to a number of metabolic processes essential for cell...

Systematic interest in intraabdominal pressure began about two decades ago. Since than, the amount of scientific data regarding this problem have been risen exponentially. This happened due to several reasons: description of pathophysiological pathways which link intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome refinement of measurement techniques, emergence of national...

Simmonds SJ. Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease. Lancet 1989;334:577–80. 89 Hales CN, Barker DJP. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Diabetologia 1992;35:595–601. 90 Robinson R. The fetal origins of adult disease. BMJ 2001; 322:375. 91 Hanson M, Gluckman P, Bier D et al. Report on the 2nd World Congress on Fetal Origins of A...