To avoid both the inconsistency of the Kalman filter and the performance conservation of the covariance intersection (CI) in the case of unknown correlations, an internal ellipsoidal approximation (IEA) method is proposed to fuse the local estimations. A numerical example of three-state radar tracking system is presented to illustrate the implementation and effectiveness of the proposed algorit...

Conflict of interest: none declared. Figure 1: The anterior view of volume-rendering image with semitransparent skeletal system, aorta and kidney shows that the left ICA 9, which is the origin of the artery of Adamkiewicz (arrow), is occluded proximally at the aorta. This image also shows collateral circulation to the artery of Adamkiewicz via the left inferior epigastric artery (IEA), the left...

This paper presents a new method for measuring tar concentration in biomass-derived producer gas streams. This solvent-free method is much simpler than the evaporative method of the International Energy Agency (IEA) tar protocol. In tests on producer gas from a fluidized bed biomass gasifier this so-called dry condenser method yielded tar measurements with precision better than 5% and accuracy ...

Does the ratification of an international environmental agreement (IEA) reduce a country's competitiveness on world markets? In this paper, we take gravity regression approach to answering question by using industry-level bilateral trade data and employing time-varying country fixed effects control for endogeneity treaty participation. Based sample >200 countries over 40 years, find that ratify...

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) provides an objective assessment of the reading comprehension attainment of Grade Four primary school students in countries worldwide. Organized by The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) in the USA, PIRLS assesses primary school students’ reading attainment, reading behaviour and attitudes to...