apolipoprotein e (apo e) is a structural constituent of several serum lipoprotein classes. it plays an important role in lipid metabolism by acting as a ligand for low-density lipoprotein (ldl) and chylomicron remnant receptors. three common alleles called e2, e3 and e4 have been described, which code for three protein isoforms (e2, e3 and e4). the polymorphism is clinically significant, and it...

Studies based on shell or reproductive organ morphology and genetic considerations suggest extensive intraspecific variation in Biomphalaria snails. The high variability at the morphological and genetic levels, as well as the small size of some specimens and similarities between species complicate the correct identification of these snails. Here we review our work using methods based on polymer...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism is known to be associated with changes in lipid profiles. Primary hyperlipidaemia is considered to be a major risk factor for pancreatitis, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. We investigated the association of one common polymorphism in the CETP gene (Taq1B) with plasma lipid levels and CETP activity in ...

conclusions our findings indicate that heterogeneity at +2109 locus of ifn-γ gene but not at +874 locus could interfere with successful therapy in patients infected with hcv genotype 1. results of 158 patients, 110 (69.5%) subjects achieved svr and 48 (30.5%) subjects did not respond to therapy. the frequency of aa genotype (p = 0.001; or: 11.2; ci: 2.26-63.21) and a allele (p = 0.01; or: 3.23;...

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in the present research, molecular detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (blad) and complex vertebral malformation (cvm)in a population of iranian holstein cows has been carried outusing milk somatic cells by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(pcr-rflp). the blad and cvm are monogenic and autosomal recessive heredity lethal syndrome in holstein-friesi...

background: leishmaniasis is important vector-borne parasitic disease worldwide, caused by the genus leishmania . the objective of the current study was to identify genetic polymorphism in l. major , one of the species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), isolated from southeastern iran, using permissively primed intergenic polymorphic-polymerase chain reaction (ppip-pcr) method. methods: over...

introduction: hepatitis b is a potentially life-threatening infection that causes acute infection and chronic hepatitis with progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). interleukin-12 (il12) is responsible for activation of th1 immune responses, leading to possible clearance of hbv infection from the host’s body. the host’s immune-genetic background plays an important role in t...

angiotensin i-converting enzyme (ace) gene polymorphism; genotype dd or d allele may be involved with an increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (dn). we examined the frequency of ace gene polymorphism in 170 patients (85 type 2 diabetes with nephropathy and 85 without it) in tehran, iran. dna was extracted from the white blood cells and the i/d polymorphism of the ...

background: the study of the association between genotype and phenotype is of great importance for the prediction of many diseases and pathophysiological conditions. the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) gene insertion/ deletion (i/d) polymorphism and pathological processes such as coronary artery disease (cad) has been investigated previously with discordant results. thi...