BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Black/white disparities in stroke incidence are well documented, but few studies have assessed the contributions to the disparity. Here we assess the contribution of "traditional" risk factors. METHODS A total of 25 714 black and white men and women, aged≥45 years and stroke-free at baseline, were followed for an average of 4.4 years to detect stroke. Mediation analysis...

OBJECTIVE To examine cross sectional and longitudinal associations of socioeconomic position and neighborhood environments with BMI in a middle-aged and bi-ethnic cohort. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES Analyses were based on 13,167 subjects (45 to 64 years) who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, a population-based study. Census block groups were used as proxies fo...

Among 117 gram-negative bacteria isolated from pathological materials, 46 were found to carry antibiotic resistances transferable to Escherichia coli K-12; we therefore concluded that they carry infectious R factors. When transferred to a type of rifampin-resistant mutant of E. coli, all these R factors decreased the resistance to rifampin, but only 10% of them lowered the resistance to one-ten...

OBJECTIVE Precipitating factors and life events associated with medically serious suicide attempts were examined in young people making serious suicide attempts and control subjects. METHOD Using a case-control design, the authors contrasted 129 young people making serious suicide attempts with 153 randomly selected community controls on a series of life event occurrences within the preceding...

BACKGROUND There has been an ongoing debate whether the effects of socioeconomic factors on health are due to absolute poverty and material factors or to relative deprivation and psychosocial factors. In the present analyses, we examined the importance for health of material factors, which may have a direct effect on health, and of those that may affect health indirectly, through psychosocial m...

Despite the availability of tuberculosis prevention and control services throughout Amazonas, high rates of morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis remain in the region. Knowledge of the social determinants of tuberculosis in Amazonas is important for the establishment of public policies and the planning of effective preventive and control measures for the disease. To analyze the relationship...

PROBLEM Accumulating data suggests that aberrant immune responses during retrograde menstruation may be involved in the development of endometriosis. METHOD OF STUDY The role of immunology in the etiology of endometriosis is reviewed and summarized from the available literature. RESULTS Immunologic factors may affect a woman's susceptibility to implantation of exfoliated endometrial cells. ...

Because of the difficulties of recognizing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in the context of cystic fibrosis (because of overlapping clinical, radiographic, microbiologic, and immunologic features), advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic aspergillosis, new possibilities in therapy, and the need for agreed-upon definitions, an international consensus confere...