Abstract In this paper, several analytical models are presented for the optimal design of a trapezoidal composite channel cross-section. The objective function is cost per unit length channel, which includes excavation and lining costs. To define system, variables including depth, width, side slopes, freeboard, roughness coefficients were used. constraints include Manning’s equation, flow veloc...

This paper discusses the influence of minimum reinforcement on the cracking behaviour of prestressed concrete structures. It deals with the observation and modelling of the reclosing of cracks induced by a permanent compressive stress due to prestressing. A computerised proposed model allows to determine steel-to-concrete slip, bond stress, concrete stress and steel stress along the transmissio...

Analytical approaches to musical analysis have generally attempted to provide some kind of justification, and, in the last decades, to develop analytical elements based on tesselations of pitch class sets. When applied to atonal music, analytical approaches frequently fail to find internal coherence. Most of the time, tilings of chords are based on a torus representation, which follows the trad...

The behavior of a rarefied, compressible flow in long, constant cross section channels provides an opportunity to study complex gas dynamics in a simple geometry that allows analytical solutions. The problem of a rarefied, compressible flow in near unity aspect ratio rectangular cross section channels has been all but ignored despite it being a common flow geometry. We present analytical expres...

Abstract We present a general expression for the optical theorem in terms of Localized Waves. This representation is well-known and commonly used to generate Frozen waves, Xwaves, other propagation invariant beams. analyze several examples using different input beam sources on circular detector measure extinction cross-section.

This paper applies the notion of national innovation systems (NIS) to analyze the transformation of China’s NIS in the 1980s and 1990s. It focuses on two issues. Firstly it probes the interaction between policy-making and reform practice that leads to the transformation of a huge sized government-run industrial technology R&D system, becomes it fitting to the changed macro-economic conditions. ...

the basic strategy of reduce the ductility demand and related concentrated tensions at moment resistance connections is reduce the section of the beam at connected region to column. by this method plastic hinge done at the reduced cross section and this local reduction decreases the demand of the components of connection. on this basis, in present study a new beam-to-column moment connection wi...

In the present study, free vibration behaviors of of carbon nanotube (CNT) and boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) have been investigated via Eringen’s nonlocal continuum theory. Size effect has been considered via nonlocal continuum theory. Nanotubes have become popular in the world of science thanks to their characteristic properties. In this study, free vibrations of Boron Nitride Nanotube (BNNT) ...