A novel free free-living phagotrophic flagellate, Rictus lutensis gen. et sp. nov., with two heterodynamic flagella, a permanent cytostome and a cytopharynx was isolated from muddy, low oxygen coastal sediments in Cape Cod, MA, USA. We cultivated and characterized this flagellate with transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred fro...

Tissues of the extinct aquatic or emergent angiosperm, Eorhiza arnoldii incertae sedis, were extensively colonized by microfungi, and in this study we report the presence of several types of sterile mycelia. In addition to inter- and intracellular proliferation of regular septate hyphae, the tissues contain monilioid hyphae with intercalary branching. These filamentous mycelia are spatially ass...

In defense against attack by predators, cnidosacs in the tips of cerata (dorsal appendages) of aeolidacean nudibranchs discharge masses of mature nematocysts that are derived from cnidarian food. Cnidosac-related structures in various nudibranchs may provide a reconstruction of potential steps in the evolution of cnidosacs. Such structures in the cerata of the two valid species of Embletoniidae...

Heligmosomoides neopolygyrus, Asakawa and Ohbayashi, 1986 (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea) is redescribed from Apodemus peninsulae from Rangtang, Sichuan, China. A morphological review of the Heligmosomoides spp. belonging to the "polygyrus line" proposed by Asakawa (1988) is made using new characters. This enabled us to distinguish two subspecies in Mus musculus (Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri fr...

Trichomyia lengleti sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cenomanian amber of La Buzinie, Charente (SW France) from a piece of fully opaque amber. The Upper Albian Trichomyia swinhoei Cockerell, 1917 is transferred from the Trichomyiinae to the Sycoracinae incertae sedis stat. nov. T. lengleti is the oldest representative of the subfamily Trichomyiinae, supporting at least a Cretaceous diversif...

Current knowledge of freshwater gastrotrich fauna from Brazil is underestimated as only two studies are available. The present communication is a taxonomic account of the first-ever survey of freshwater Gastrotricha in Minas Gerais State. Samplings were carried out yielding six species of three Chaetonotidae genera: Aspidiophorus cf. pleustonicus, Ichthydium cf. chaetiferum, Chaetonotus acantho...

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in patients from Spain is associated with intestinal dysbiosis. This study explores whether the alteration of the gut microbiome in SLE patients from China is consistent with the intestinal dysbiosis of SLE patients from Spain. RESULTS The depletion of Firmicutes and the enrichment of Bacteroidetes in SLE patients from China were consistent with t...

The genus Phrudoneura Meuffels & Grootaert (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Australia, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and New Caledonia is revised, and four new species are described. Phrudoneura collessi sp. nov. occurs in tropical and subtropical Australia, and is named in honour of the Australian Dipterist, Don Colless. Phrudoneura popondetta sp. nov. is from lowland Papua New Guinea, and P....