We examine the referential choices (pronouns/zeros vs. names/descriptions) made by high-functioning children and adolescents with autism and a well-matched typically developing control group as they relate a narrative. The process of choosing appropriate referring expressions has been proposed to require mentalizing abilities. Given reports that autism is associated with mentalizing deficits, i...

While there are many benefits to healthy nutrition, adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities often have poor nutrition habits. Identifying effective practices promote for individuals is critical. The purpose of this study was examine the use a health app self-management intervention in supporting making healthier choices. A changing criterion single-case research design used thre...

The evidence that available options influence risk preference raises concerns about using risk attitude measures to guide investment choice. A between-participants test found those who first made choices between high (low) risk pension funds subsequently preferred higher (lower) risk funds when offered a choice from a larger range of funds. A within-participants test, with a fourteen-day break ...

INTRODUCTION Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to an at-risk state of Alzheimer's disease and subtle cognitive deficits that have been observed in this condition. Currently, it is unknown whether complex cognitive processes relevant to everyday life, such as future-oriented choice behavior, are also altered in SCD. METHODS Twenty SCD participants and 24 control (CO) participants took ...

This exploratory study described the experiences of choice in physical activity contexts for adults with mobility impairments. The experiences of 3 female and 2 males with mobility impairments between 18 and 23 years of age were described using the interpretive phenomenological methods of individual interviews, written stories, and field notes. Thematic analysis revealed three themes: (a) inter...

Affect can have a significant influence on decision-making processes and subsequent choice. One particularly relevant type of negative affect is anxiety, which serves to enhance responses to threatening stimuli or situations. In its exaggerated form, it can lead to psychiatric disorders, with detrimental consequences for quality of life, including the ability to make choices. This study investi...

We study inferences about social choices—choices that affect people besides the chooser. Social choices depend on the relationships between the people involved: for example, whether they are friends, strangers, or enemies. We propose that these different social relationships correspond to different ways in which the chooser weights another person’s utility relative to her own. We describe a pro...

We prove a formula for the number of permutations in Sn such that their first n− k entries are increasing and their longest increasing subsequence has length n− k. This formula first appeared as a consequence of character polynomial calculations in recent work of Adriano Garsia and Alain Goupil. We give two ‘elementary’ bijective proofs of this result and of its q-analogue, one proof using the ...

Let Ln be the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation of the numbers 1, . . . , n, for the uniform distribution on the set of permutations. Hammersley’s interacting particle process, implicit in Hammersley (1972), has been used in Aldous and Diaconis (1995) to provide a “soft” hydrodynamical argument for proving that limn→∞ ELn/ √ n = 2. We show in this note that th...

It is proved in [BOO], [J2] and [Ok1] that the joint distribution of suitably scaled rows of a partition with respect to the Plancherel measure of the symmetric group converges to the corresponding distribution of eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix from the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble. We introduce a new measure on strict partitions, which is analogous to the Plancherel measure, and prove that the...