Increased dietary salt intake was used as a nonpharmacological tool to blunt hypotension-induced increases in plasma renin activity (PRA) in order to evaluate the contribution of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) to hypotension-induced thirst. Rats were maintained on 8% NaCl (high) or 1% NaCl (standard) diet for at least 2 wk, and then arterial hypotension was produced by administration of the...

background&aim;:blood loss reducing approaches improve surgery outcomes through making appropriate operation field and reducing transfusion needing . in this study two blood loss reducing techniques compare with together. method & material:in a randomized clinical trial study 60 patients candidate for elective femoral shaft operation were included in two groups.the first group induced hypotensi...

Background: Spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension is one of the most complications which can cause many severe maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, prevention treatment spinal in pregnant women undergoing cesarean delivery play an important role. The use vasopressors effective method hypotensive prophylaxis phenylephrine currently first-line vasopressor choice to prevent this complicati...

Using in vivo and isolated perfused liver preparations of BALB/c mice, we determined the roles of the liver and splanchnic vascular bed in anaphylactic hypotension. Intravenous injection of ovalbumin antigen into intact-sensitized mice decreased systemic arterial pressure (P(sa)) from 92 +/- 2 to 39 +/- 3 (SE) mmHg but only slightly increased portal venous pressure (P(pv)) from 6.4 +/- 0.1 cmH(...

Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Sedentary animals compared to physically active controls exhibit enhanced sympathoexcitatory responses, including arterial baroreflex-mediated sympathoexcitation. Hypotension-induced sympathoexcitation is also associated with the release of vasoactive hormones. We hypothesized that sedentary conditions may enhance rel...

We have examined the safety of induced hypotension produced by extradural anaesthesia in patients with medically controlled hypertension. The haemodynamic response to induced hypotension was assessed in 38 non-hypertensive and 31 controlled hypertensive patients. All received extradural anaesthesia to T4 or above which decreased mean arterial pressure to 52 mm Hg and 55 mm Hg in normotensive an...

Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Croton argyrophylloides Muell. Arg. (EOCA) were investigated in normotensive rats. In saline-pretreated anesthetized or conscious rats, intravenous (i.v.) injection of the EOCA induced dose-dependent hypotension. Dose-dependent tachycardia was observed only in conscious rats. In anesthetized rats, cervical bivagotomy failed to enhance EOCA-induced ...

Systemic hypotension causes a greater degree of vasoconstriction in intestine from 3- than from 35-day-old postnatal swine. To determine the basis for this age-dependent difference, systemic hypotension (pressure reduction to ∼50% of baseline) was induced by creating pericardial tamponade in postnatal swine instrumented to allow measurement of intestinal hemodynamics and oxygenation in vivo. Hy...

BACKGROUND Excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) by the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) is critically involved in endotoxin (ET)-induced hypotension. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays an important role in induction of iNOS. Because activated protein C (APC), a physiological anticoagulant, inhibits TNF-alpha production, it might prevent hypotension by inhibiting excessive...

background hypotension during spinal anesthesia is common and can lead to severe injuries and even death. administration of crystalloid fluids is advised to prevent occurrence of hypotension; however its effectiveness is still the matter of arguments. objectives this study was designed to compare the effects of ringer`s lactate and hydroxyethyl starch 6% on hemodynamic parameters after spinal a...